金纳米颗粒负载光敏剂在改善恶性肿瘤光动力治疗中的研究进展

Research advances in roles of photosensitizer-loaded gold nanoparticles in facilitating photodynamic therapy for malignant tumors

摘要:

金纳米颗粒（AuNPs）是纳米医学中常用的纳米材料之一。AuNPs作为载体可以将药物精确地输送至靶细胞或靶组织，提高疾病的诊断和治疗效率。光动力疗法（PDT）在治疗肿瘤上拥有巨大潜力，是被批准用于临床治疗的新方法。有证据表明，光敏剂（PS）通过共价键或者非共价键的相互作用包被在AuNPs上，不仅能提高肿瘤细胞对PS的有效摄取，增强PDT的效率，还可以克服单纯PDT的局限性。该文综述了AuNPs的类型、特点及其应用，着重介绍了AuNPs与PDT相结合的抗癌活性。

Abstract:

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are one of the most commonly used nanomaterials in various medical applications. Using AuNPs as carriers can accurately deliver drugs to target tissues or cells, which can be helpful in improving the efficiency of disease diagnosis and treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a newly approved clinical strategy and has a great potential for treating tumors. Evidence suggests that photosensitizer (PS) can be loaded on AuNPs through interactions with covalent or non-covalent bonds, which not only promotes the effective uptake of PS into tumor cells and improves the efficacy of PDT, but also overcomes limitations brought about by applying PDT alone. This review focuses on the types, properties and applications of AuNPs, and the anticancer activity of AuNPs combined with PDT is emphatically introduced.