代谢性指标与生活方式对高血压患病率的影响

Effect of metabolic indexes and lifestyle on hypertension in health check-up population

摘要:

目的 探讨代谢性指标与生活方式对体检人群高血压患病率的影响。方法 选取2014 年2 月- 2016 年1 月于青海省人民医院接受体检的受检者520 例，根据高血压患病情况分为正常组和高血压组，比较 两组患者的一般资料、代谢性指标和生活方式，并进行多因素Logistic 回归分析。结果 两组患者的年龄、 体重指数（BMI）、腰围、收缩压、舒张压、高血压家族史、代谢综合征及文盲比例有差异（P <0.05），两组 患者的空腹血糖、三酰甘油、总胆固醇、肌酐、尿酸及尿素氮有差异（P <0.05），两组患者的烟、饮酒及职 业比例有差异（P <0.05），两组患者职业应激、职业压力、睡眠质量、使用降糖药物及使用降压药物无差异 （P >0.05）。年龄、BMI、腰围、空腹血糖、尿酸、代谢综合征、吸烟及饮酒是影响高血压患病率的独立危险 因素（P <0.05）。结论 超重、血糖升高、尿酸异常、吸烟及饮酒等代谢性指标和不良生活方式是影响高血 压患病率的独立危险因素，临床上应对高危患者进行适当干预。

Abstract:

Objective To explore the influence of metabolic indexes and lifestyle on the prevalence of hypertension in healthy population. Methods Totally 520 people who had health examination in our hospital between February 2014 and January 2016 were included into this study. According to the occurrence of hypertension they were divided into normal blood pressure group and hypertension group. The general information, metabolic indicators and lifestyle of the two groups were compared, and analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results There were significant differences in age, BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, family history of hypertension, metabolic syndrome and illiteracy rate between the two groups (P < 0.05). The levels of fasting blood glucose, triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, creatinine, uric acid and urea nitrogen in the hypertension group were significant higher than those of the normal blood pressure group (P < 0.05). There were differences in smoking, drinking and occupation proportion between the two groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in occupation stress, occupation pressure, sleep quality, use of hypoglycemic drugs, or use of antihypertensive drugs between the two groups (P > 0.05). Age, BMI, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, uric acid, metabolic syndrome, smoking and drinking were the independent risk factors of hypertension in healthy people (P < 0.05). Conclusions Overweight, elevated blood glucose, uric acid abnormality, smoking, alcohol consumption and other metabolic indicators and adverse lifestyle are independent risk factors for hypertension in healthy population. Appropriate clinical intervention should be applied to high-risk people.