锥形束CT 分析上颌窦与上颌牙的解剖关系

Analysis of anatomical relationship of maxillary sinuses with maxillary teeth using cone beam CT

摘要:

目的 利用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）分析研究正常人群上颌窦与上颌牙列的解剖位置关 系。方法 分析2015 年1 月-2016 年6 月于中南大学湘雅医院口腔医学中心接受CBCT 检查的169 例正常 中国人群上颌窦下壁覆盖上颌牙根尖、上颌窦下壁窦分隔、上颌窦最低点的情况，以及双侧上颌窦水平面形 状及是否对称。结果 57.99% 上颌窦下壁由前向后盖过上颌第2 前磨牙至第3 磨牙的根尖，2.37% 上颌窦下 壁从前向后由上颌尖牙盖过至第3 磨牙的根尖。16.57% 的上颌窦下壁有窦分隔，其中50% 窦分隔位于第2 前 磨牙远中至第2 磨牙远中。56.21% 上颌窦最低点位于上颌第1 磨牙。73.37% 上颌窦水平面形状为三角形，且 85.21% 正常人左右上颌窦形状对称。结论 中国人上颌窦下壁前界多位于第2 前磨牙，变异较多；上颌窦下 壁窦分隔较常见且多位于第1、2 磨牙区；上颌窦的最低点多位于第1 磨牙处，大部分正常人上颌窦水平面以 类三角形为主且左右双侧对称，建议进行上颌手术前应进行CBCT 检查仔细观察分析。

关键词:上颌窦;上颌窦提升术;上颌窦形态;CBCT

Abstract:

Objective To provide information about the relationships between normal people’s maxillary sinuses and maxillary teeth using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods In this study, 169 Chinese people who visited Stomatology Department of Xiangya Hospital from January 2015 to June 2016 were included. They were scanned by CBCT and the information was collected from the images. SPSS 20.0 was used to analyze the data. Results Of the 338 maxillary sinuses, 57.99% covered from the second premolars to the third molars, 2.37% covered from the canine teeth to the third molars. The prevalence of maxillary sinus septa in the inferior wall was 16.57%, 50% of these sinus septa were located from the distal parts of the second premolars to the distal parts of the second molars. The lowest points of 56.21% maxillary sinuses could be seen in the first maxillary molars. The shape on the horizontal plane of 73.37% maxillary sinuses was triangle. The left and right maxillary sinuses of 85.21% normal people were symmetrical. Conclusions The inferior walls of the maxillary sinuses in Chinese people mostly cover from the second premolars to the third molars. The maxillary sinus septa can often be observed in middle region and the lowest point of the sinuses can be seen mostly in the first molar. The maxillary sinuses of most normal people are triangle on the horizontal plane and symmetrical. CBCT is recommended when it comes to maxillary sinus augmentation and implantation or other surgeries in maxilla.

Key words:maxillary sinus; maxillary sinus augmentation; morphology of maxillary sinus; CBCT