妊娠期间体重增加状况对妇女 糖尿病发病影响的研究

Effect of weight gain during pregnancy on incidence of diabetes mellitus

摘要:

目的 探讨妊娠期间体重增加状况对妇女糖尿病发病的影响。方法 选取2011 年7 月-2016 年4 月在该院分娩的妇女1 842 例，依据糖尿病发病情况分为糖尿病组和健康对照组，并对入组孕产妇的临床资料 进行单因素和多因素Logistic 回归分析。结果 糖尿病组和对照组的孕前体重指数（BMI）和妊娠期间增重比较， 经t 检验，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05），即糖尿病组的孕前BMI 和妊娠期间增重均高于对照组。孕前BMI> 25.0 kg/m2、年龄>35 岁、糖尿病家族史、妊娠期间增重≥ 25.0 kg 妇女的糖尿病发病率高于其他妇女，差异有 统计学意义（P <0.05）。孕前BMI>25.0 kg/m2、糖尿病家族史、妊娠期间增重≥ 25.0 kg 是影响妊娠期妇女糖尿 病发病的危险因素（P =0.023、0.015 及0.001）。结论 妊娠期间体重增加过多可增加妇女糖尿病发病的风险， 临床上应控制孕产妇妊娠期体重增加状况，避免增重过多。

Abstract:

Objective To study the effect of weight gain during pregnancy on the incidence of diabetes. Methods Selected from July 2011 to April 2016, 1,842 women in our hospital were divided into diabetic group and healthy control group according to the incidence of diabetes mellitus, and single factor and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the clinical data of the pregnant women. Results Compared with the control group, the Body Mass Index and weight gain during pregnancy were significantly different in diabetic group (P = 0.016 and 0.037). The dietary pre-BMI and weight gain during pregnancy were significantly higher than those in the control group. The incidence of diabetes of women with pre-pregnancy BMI > 25.0 kg/m2, age > 35 years, family history of diabetes, or gestational weight gain ≥ 25.0 kg was higher than normal ones, the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.008, 0.025, 0.011 and 0.042, respectively). Pre-pregnancy BMI > 25.0 kg/m2, family history of diabetes and gestational weight gain ≥ 25.0 kg were independent risk factors for diabetes mellitus in pregnant women (P =0.023, 0.015 and 0.001, respectively). Conclusions Excessive body weight gain during pregnancy can increase the risk of diabetes, which should becontrolled during pregnancy.