注意缺陷多动障碍患儿执行功能和 感觉门控功能分析

Analysis of executive function and sensory gating function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

摘要:

目的 探讨注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患儿执行功能和感觉门控功能状况，并分析两者之间的 关系。方法 36 例符合国际疾病分类第10 版（ICD-10）ADHD 诊断标准的患儿分别进行威斯康星卡片分类 （WCST）测试和听觉click 刺激模式ERP-P50 检查，并与38 例性别、年龄与其匹配的对照组进行对比，同 时将患儿WCST 各指标与ERP-P50 各指标之间进行Pearson 相关分析。结果 ADHD 患儿组P50 S1、P50 S2 潜伏期较对照组延长，P50 S1、（S1-S2）波幅、100（1-S2/S1）较对照组降低，S2 波幅、S2/S1 比值较对照组增高， WCST 中完成分类数（Cc）、概念化水平（CI%）较对照组降低，错误应答数（Re）、持续错误数（Rpe）、完 成第1 个分类所需应答数（Rf）较对照组增加，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）；Pearson 相关分析得出P50 S1、 P50 S2 潜伏期和P50 S1 波幅与WCST 各指标之间无相关性（P >0.05），P50 S2 波幅、S2/S1 比值与Cc、CI% 呈负相关，与Re、Rpe、Rf 呈正相关（P <0.05）；（S1-S2）波幅、100（1-S2/S1）与Cc、CI% 呈正相关，与 RE、Rpe、Rf 呈负相关（P <0.05）。结论 ADHD 患儿存在执行功能及感觉门控功能的损害，且感觉门控功 能损害与执行功能损害之间存在一定的相关性。

Abstract:

Objective To explore the status of executive function and sensory gating function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and analyze the relationship between them. Methods Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and auditory click stimulus mode ERP-P50 check were carried out in 36 cases of children who met the criteria for diagnosis of ADHD according with the tenth edition of International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). The patients were compared with 38 cases in the control group with matching gender and age. At the same time, Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations between the indicators of ERP-P50 and WCST. Results The latent periods of P50 S1 and S2 in the ADHD group were longer than those in the control group; and P50 S1, the amplitudes of (S1-S2), and 100 (1-S2/S1) were lower than those in the control group; the amplitude of S2 and S2/S1 were higher than those in the control group. The categories completed (Cc) and conceptual level (CI%) of WCST in the ADHD group were lower than those in the control group; the responses errors (Re), responses perseverative errors (Rpe) and response number on the first category (Rf) were higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis concluded the latent periods of P50 S1 and S2 and the amplitude of P50 S1 did not have correlations with the indicators of WCST (P > 0.05), the amplitude of P50 S2 and S2/S1 had negative correlations with Cc and CI% and positive correlations with Re, Rpe and Rf (P < 0.05); the amplitudes of (S1-S2) and 100(1-S2/S1) had positive correlations with Cc and CI% and negative correlations with Re, Rpe and Rf (P < 0.05). Conclusions Children with ADHD have damages of executive function and sensory gating function and there are certain correlations between the damages of them.