括约肌间瘘管结扎术结合脱细胞异体真皮基质 填塞治疗经括约肌肛瘘的疗效分析

Clinical study of ligation of intersphicteric fistula tract combined with acellular allogenic dermal matrix tamponade in treatment of transsphincteric anal fistula

摘要:

目的 探讨括约肌间瘘管结扎术（LIFT）结合瘘管脱细胞异体真皮基质（AEM）填塞治疗经括 约肌肛瘘的临床疗效。方法 选取2013 年10 月-2016 年10 月该院收治的66 例经括约肌肛瘘患者。采用随 机数字表法将患者分为治疗组（行LIFT 和AEM）和对照组（行肛瘘切开术或切开挂线术），每组各33 例。 主要观察指标：创面愈合时间，术前、术后1、3、6、12 个月肛门失禁评分和总有效率。患者术后1 个月至 门诊复诊，术后3、6、12 个月采用门诊、问卷及电话方式进行随访，了解创面愈合情况、肛门控便能力及 治愈情况。结果 筛选出符合研究条件的患者61 例，治疗组31 例，对照组30 例，两组患者术前均无肛门失 禁。对照组30 例患者中，21 例行肛瘘切开术，9 例行切开挂线术。两组创面愈合时间比较，差异有统计学意 义（P <0.05），治疗组少于对照组。肛门失禁评分两组术前比较差异无统计学意义（P >0.05），两组术后肛门 失禁评分比较，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05），治疗组术后1、3、6、12 个月肛门失禁评分均低于对照组。治 疗组和对照组总有效率分别为90.32% 和93.33%，两组比较，差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。结论 LIFT 结合 AEM 治疗经括约肌肛瘘与传统肛瘘切开术疗效相当，而且创面愈合时间短，肛门功能保护良好，无肛门失禁 的发生。

Abstract:

Objective To explore the clinical effect of ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) combined with acellular extracellular matrix (AEM) tamponade in the treatment of transsphincteric fistula. Methods The clinical data of 66 patients with transsphincteric fistula who were admitted to the Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital between October 2013 and October 2016 were collected. All the patients were allocated into a treatment group (undergoing LIFT combined with AEM) and a control group (undergoing fistulotomy or incision-threaddrawing procedure) according to random number table, with 33 patients in each group. The main observation indices included wound healing time, anal incontinence scores before operation and at postoperative month 1, 3, 6 and 12, and total effective rate. The outpatient examination was conducted at postoperative month 1; questionnaires, outpatient examination and telephone interview were performed to detect wound healing, anal control ability and healing situation at postoperative month 3, 6 and 12. Results Of the 66 patients, 61 patients were screened out for eligibility including 31 patients in the treatment group and 30 patients in the control group, there was no occurrence of preoperative anal incontinence. In the control group 21 patients underwent fistulotomy and 9 patients received incision-thread-drawing procedure. Wound healing time in the treatment group was shorter than that in the control group, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). There were no statistic differences in the preoperative anal incontinence scores between the two groups (P > 0.05), whereas the anal incontinence scores in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group at postoperative month 1, 3, 6 and 12 (P < 0.05). The total effective rates of the treatment group and the control group were 90.32% and 93.33% respectively, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions LIFT combined with AEM in the treatment of transsphincteric fistula has the same clinical effect as fistulotomy and incision-thread-drawing procedure, and has the advantages of sphincter-preserving, shorter wound healing time and better anal control ability, without the occurrence of anal incontinence.