3 岁以下患儿反复喘息的相关因素研究

Study on related factors of repeated wheezing in children under 3 years old

摘要:

目的 探究≤ 3 岁患儿反复喘息的相关因素。方法 选取2015 年6 月—2017 年6 月齐齐哈尔医学 院附属第三医院收治的523 例喘息患儿作为研究对象，所有患儿年龄均≤ 3 岁，依据患儿喘息发作次数将其分 为反复喘息组（喘息次数≥ 3 次）和对照组（喘息次数≤ 2 次）。回顾性分析两组患儿临床资料，单因素和 Logistic 多因素分析≤ 3 岁患儿反复喘息的相关因素。结果 经单因素方差分析，两组患儿出生方式、纯母乳喂养 时间、家族过敏史、其他个人过敏史、血清免疫球蛋白E（IgE）、感冒次数、血嗜酸细胞（EOS）、胎龄、体重 增长、食物过敏史、湿疹、被动吸烟、饲养宠物及肺炎史比较差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）；经Logistic 多因素 进一步分析，剖宫产、纯母乳喂养时间≤ 4 个月、有家族过敏史、有其他个人过敏史、血清IgE>60 IU/ml、感 冒次数>6 次、血EOS>5%、有湿疹、有被动吸烟、有饲养宠物、有肺炎史为≤ 3 岁儿童反复喘息的危险因 素（P <0.05）。结论 应对具备危险因素的≤ 3 岁反复喘息患儿加强监控，以期降低其反复喘息的发生率。

Abstract:

Objective To explore the related factors of repeated wheezing in children under 3 years old. Methods A total of 523 children under 3 years old with asthma were enrolled in our hospital from June 2015 to June 2017, who were divided into repeated wheezing group (wheezing times ≥ 3) and control group (wheezing times ≤ 2 times). Clinical data of the children were retrospectively analyzed and single factor and Logistic multivariate analysis were utilized to study related factors towards repeated wheezing. Results The single factor analysis revealed that children's mode of delivery, exclusive breastfeeding time, family history of allergies, other personal allergies, serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), the number of cold, blood eosinophils Eosinophils (EOS), gestational age, weight gain, history of food allergy, eczema, passive smoking, pet raising and pneumonia between the groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Logistic multivariate analysis revealed that cesarean section, exclusive breastfeeding time ≤ 4 months, a family history of allergies, there are other personal history of allergies, serum IgE > 60 IU/ml, the number of colds > 6 times, blood EOS >5%, Eczema, passive smoking, pets and pneumonia are risk factors of repeated wheezing in children under 3 years old (P < 0.05). Conclusions Children with repeated wheezing under 3 years old with risk factors should be monitored to reduce its incidence.