舞蹈演员跖趾关节炎发生机制的有限元分析

Finite element analysis of mechanism of dancers' toe arthritis

摘要:

目的??通过构建 3 个不同角度的全足三维有限元模型，施加重力模拟舞蹈演员踮脚站立的工况，以 此探究舞蹈演员多发跖趾关节炎的生物力学机制。方法??利用石膏托固定研究对象的足踝关节后拍摄全足 CT图像，构建出包括骨与足周围软组织及关节韧带的全足三维有限元模型，并对模型设定边界条件、施加载负并进行应力分析， 研究舞蹈演员踮脚站立时的全足应力分布情况。结果??分别建立中立位， 跖屈 20°， 跖屈 40°的全足三维有限元模型， 施加载负后有限元分析的结果表明， 站立平衡时随着踮脚角度的增加， 前足应力向跖趾关节集中，其中第 2、3 足趾的应力变化最大，第 2 跖骨的最大应力值从 4.77?MPa 增加到 34.61?MPa，第 2 近节趾骨的最大应力值从 2.38?MPa 增加到 166.40?MPa， 第 3 跖骨的最大应力值从 4.53MPa 增加到 30.21?MPa， 第 3 近节趾骨的最大应力值从 2.19?MPa 增加到 157.80?MPa。结论??舞蹈演员踮脚站立时的角度越大，第 2 和第 3 跖趾关节附近应力值迅速增大， 长时间的踮脚站立很容易造成跖趾关节炎， 引发前足疼痛。

Abstract:

Objective To explore the biomechanical mechanism of dancers with multiple toe arthritis by constructing a three-dimensional finite element model of three full angles and applying gravity to simulate the working condition of dancers standing on their feet. Methods The full-foot CT image was taken after the ankle joint of the study object was fixed by plaster cast, and a three-dimensional finite element model of the whole foot including the soft tissue and joint ligament around the bone and the foot was constructed. The boundary condition was set and the load was applied and carried out. Stress analysis to study the distribution of full-foot stress during the dancer's lame standing. Results The three-dimensional finite element model of the full position of the neutral position, 20° flexion and 40° flexion was established. The results of finite element analysis after loading showed that the forefoot stress was increased to the metatarsophalangeal joint with the increase of the angle of the ankle. Concentration, in which the stress changes of the 2nd and 3rd toes were the largest, the maximum stress of the 2nd metatarsal increased from 4.77 MPa to 34.61 MPa, and the maximum stress of the 2nd proximal phalanx increased from 2.38 MPa to 166.40 MPa, the maximum stress value of the third metatarsal increased from 4.53 MPa to 30.21 MPa, and the maximum stress value of the third proximal phalanx increased from 2.19 MPa to 157.80 MPa. Conclusions The greater the angle at which the dancers stand on their feet, the higher the stress values near the second and third metatarsophalangeal joints. The prolonged lameness of the feet can easily cause the toe arthritis and cause pain in the forefoot.