Abstract:Objective To explore the expression and clinical significance of miR-122-5p and miR-199a-5p in patients with endometriosis (EMS). Methods Ninety patients with endometriosis and patients receiving infertility examination were involved in this study. Quantitative RT-PCR and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were performed to detect the expression levels of miR-122-5p, miR-199a-5p and interleukin-6. Clinical relationships of the mentioned index with clinical features were analyzed. Results The serum levels of IL-6, miR-122-5p, and miR-199a-5p were significantly higher in endometriosis patients than in control group (P?0.05). Expression of miR-122-5p was positively correlated with serum IL-6 (r?=?0.578) and miR-199a-5p (r?=?0.721); miR-199a-5p expression was positively correlated with serum IL-6 (r?=?0.562). Sensitivity of circulating miR-122-5p and miR-199a-5p was 94.7% and 92.1%, respectively. Specificity of circulating miR-122-5p and miR-199a-5p was 90.5% and 88.6%, respectively. Conclusions Serum miR-122-5p and miR-199a-5p may serve as diagnostic biomarkers for endometriosis.