环状RNA在胃癌中的研究现状*

Research progress on CircRNAs in gastric cancer*

摘要:

环状RNA是一种以闭合共价环结构为特征的非编码RNA，广泛存在于各种真核生物中。近年研究表明，环状RNA并非简单的剪接副产物，其具有丰富的生物学作用，在多种肿瘤和慢性疾病的发生、发展中起到重要作用。胃癌是世界范围内普遍的癌症之一，尽管近年来胃癌的病死率有所下降，但仍是发病率居第4的恶性肿瘤以及癌症相关死亡的第3大原因。有研究表明，环状RNA与胃癌的发生、发展密切相关，该文就环状RNA在胃癌发生、发展过程中的作用以及作为胃癌诊断与预后的新型标志物方面作一综述。

关键词:胃肿瘤;环状RNA/RNA;新型标志物

Abstract:

circRNA is a type of non-coding RNAs characterized by closed covalent ring structure, which widely exist in various eukaryotes. Recent studies have shown that circRNAs are not just simple by-products of transcription but also exerts biological functions including the occurrence and development of multiple neoplasms and chronic diseases. Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, which is the third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, while the mortality rate of gastric cancer has decreased in recent years. Some studies have shown that circRNAs are closely related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. This article reviews the role of circRNAs in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer and its potentially value as a marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer.

Key words:gastric cancer; circRNAs/RNA; new markers