高脂饮食诱导青春期前雌性大鼠 多囊卵巢综合征的实验研究

High fat diet exposure induced polycystic ovarian syndrome in prepuberty rats

摘要:

目的 复制高脂饮食诱导青春期前雌性大鼠的多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）动物模型，探讨其生殖 和代谢特征。方法 将青春期前雌性大鼠随机分成C 组和D 组，C 组接受正常饮食，D 组接受高脂饮食，连 续喂养105 d。另将成年雌性大鼠随机分成A 组和B 组，A 组接受1% 羧甲基纤维素，B 组接受1 mg/kg 灌服 来曲唑，连续喂养21 d。观察各组体重、动情周期和卵巢组织学变化，检测各组空腹血糖、胰岛素、糖耐量、 计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）、定量胰岛素敏感性检测指数、血脂水平、性激素水平、促黄体激素受 体（LHR）及促卵泡激素受体（FSHR）mRNA 的表达。结果 B 组0、7、14 及21 d 体重低于A 组（P <0.05）； B 组观察结束后卵巢重量高于A 组（P <0.05）；B 组喂养21 d 后糖耐量曲线下面积（AUC）高于A 组（P <0.05）； D 组49、77 及105 d 的糖耐量AUC、空腹胰岛素、HOMA-IR、血清总胆固醇、雌二醇及孕酮高于C 组 （P <0.05），C 组定量胰岛素敏感性检测指数、睾酮高于D 组（P <0.05）。结论 高脂饮食可诱导青春期前雌 性大鼠PCOS，并产生代谢紊乱和卵巢改变，与PCOS 患者临床观察相似。

Abstract:

Objective To establish a polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) animal model of prepubertal female rats induced by high-fat diet, and to explore the reproductive and metabolic characteristics of PCOS rats. Methods Prepubertal female rats were randomly divided into two groups: the control group which received a normal diet (group C, n = 9), and the experimental group which received a high-fat diet (group D, n = 9), and both two groups had been fed for 105 days. In addition, the adult female rats were randomly divided into another two groups: the control group which received 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (group A, n = 9), and the other group which received 1 mg/kg of letrozole (group B, n = 9), and both groups had been fed for 21 days. The body weight, estrus cycle and histology of ovary in the four groups were observed. Fasting glucose, fasting insulin, glucose tolerance, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), lipid profile, hormonal profile, leutinizing hormone receptor (LHR) and follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) mRNA expression were also measured. Results The body weight and ovarian weight of group B were lighter than that of group A (P < 0.05). Compared to group A, the AUC of glucose tolerance increased (P < 0.05). The AUC of glucose tolerance, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, serum total cholesterol, estradiol and progesterone of 49, 77 and 105 days in group D were higher than those in group C (P < 0.05), and the quantitative insulin sensitivity index and testosterone in group C were higher than those in group D (P < 0.05). Conclusions Prepuberty highfat diets induce PCOS in female rats and produce metabolic disorders and ovarian changes that are similar to those observed in patients with PCOS.