MicroRNA 与多囊卵巢综合征关系的研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between miRNAs and polycystic ovary syndrome

摘要:

多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是育龄妇女最常见的一种生殖内分泌疾病，卵泡发育成熟障碍为其主 要临床特征，普遍认为由环境及基因遗传导致。microRNA（miRNA）在进化上具有高度保守性和表达上具 有空间特异性，在转录后水平上调节细胞的增殖、分化及凋亡等活动。由于miRNA 广泛表达于子宫及双附 件等雌性生殖器官，所以其异常表达将直接影响卵巢生理功能、卵泡及卵母细胞的正常发育。miRNA 在颗 粒细胞增殖、胰岛素抵抗、高雄激素血症等方面促进了PCOS 的发生、发展。

Abstract:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive endocrine disease in women of childbearing age. Follicular developmental maturation is its main clinical feature and is generally thought to be caused by environmental and genetic inheritance. MiRNA is highly conserved in evolution and spatially specific in expression, and exerts its regulatory function at the post-transcriptional level, regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and other activities. Because mirnas are widely expressed in female reproductive organs such as uterus and bilateral appendages, their abnormal expressions will directly affect the physiological function of ovary, normal development of follicles and oocytes. A large number of studies have shown that miRNA promotes the generation and development of PCOS in granulosa cell proliferation, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenemia and other aspects.