Abstract:Objective To investigate the role of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in acute lung injury and the anti-inflammatory effect of resveratrol in molecular mechanism. Methods Fifty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups, the normal group (n?=?10), ALI group (n?=?10), resveratrol interference group (n?=?10), ALI group with over-expression of Cav-1 (n?=?10), and ALI with over-expression of Cav-1+resveratrol interference group (n?=?10). ALI mice model was treated with tracheal instillation by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Overexpression of Cav-1 was established by intravenous injection of GV287-Cav-1 over expression vector through tail vein, and ALI mice models were intervened by intraperitoneal administration of resveratrol. After the model was established, the lung tissue was taken for pathological examination, then immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were taken to detected the expression of Cav-1 in lung tissue, and the mouse serum were taken to test the inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6. Results Overexpression of Cav-1 could promote the release of TNF-α and IL-6 in ALI mice (P?0.05). Resveratrol could significantly alleviate the acute lung injury through reducing the expression of Cav-1 protein which could inhibit the release of inflammatory factors TNF-alpha and IL-6 (P?0.05), and alleviate the inflammatory injury of lung tissue. Conclusion Resveratrol participates in the protective effect of acute lung injury in mice through Cav-1 protein.