免疫检查点抑制剂治疗非小细胞肺癌的研究进展

Advances in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with checkpoint inhibitors

摘要:

免疫治疗已经成为继手术、放疗、化疗和靶向治疗之后治疗非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的重要手段，并表现出了显著且更加持久的疗效。免疫检查点抑制剂（ICPIs）是其重要组成部分，能够阻断抑制性信号通路，促进T细胞活化，进而增强机体抗肿瘤免疫反应。细胞毒性T细胞抗原-4（CTLA-4）和程序性死亡蛋白-1（PD-1）/程序性死亡蛋白配体-1（PD-L1）抑制剂在肺癌的治疗中已取得突破性进展，但仍面临着诸多问题。该文对ICPIs的作用机制、临床研究进展及目前面临的困境进行综述，希望为后续NSCLC的治疗提供新的思路和方法。

Abstract:

Immunotherapy has become an important means for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer except surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy, and has shown significant and lasting effects. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are an important part of tumor immunotherapy ,which can block inhibitory signaling pathways, promote T cell activation, and thereby enhance the body`s anti-tumor immune response. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 and programmed death 1/programmed death ligand 1 inhibitors in the treatment of lung cancer have made breakthrough progress, but still face many challenges. In this paper, the mechanism of ICPIs, clinical research progress and the current dilemma were reviewed, hoping to provide new ideas and methods for the treatment of subsequent NSCLC.