甲状腺疾病对生殖障碍的影响

The influence of thyroid diseases on reproductive disorders

摘要:

甲状腺功能紊乱对生殖有显著影响。女性甲状腺功能失调可引起月经紊乱、卵巢功能衰竭、子 宫发育障碍及不良母婴结局。男性不同甲状腺功能状态下可引起性功能和精子功能异常。甲状腺激素缺乏主 要影响精子形态和质量，甲状腺毒症主要和精子运动异常有关。甲状腺功能紊乱也造成性激素水平发生改变， 对生育能力具有负面影响。该文就不同甲状腺功能状态和甲状腺自身免疫对生殖的影响做一综述。

Abstract:

Thyroid dysfunction has a significant impact on reproduction. In women, hypothyroidism and thyrotoxicosis can cause menstrual disorders, ovarian failure, hypoplasia of the uterine, and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. In males, thyroid disorder can cause erectile dysfunction and sperm abnormality. Thyroid hormone insufficiency mainly affects sperm morphology and quality. Excessive thyroid hormone secretion is primarily related to abnormal sperm motility. Thyroid dysfunction also contributes to changes in sex hormone levels and has a negative impact on fertility. This article reviews the effects of thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity on reproduction.