Abstract:Objective To compare the safety and efficacy of caffeine citrate and aminophylline in the treatment of apnea in premature infants. Methods A total of 120 premature infants with apnea who were born in Nantong Maternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2015 to October 2017 were selected. Among them, 60 patients received an intravenous injection of 20?mg/kg of caffeine citrate and a maintenance dose of 5.0?mg/(kg·d) or 7.5?mg/(kg·d), while the other 60 patients received 5 mg/kg of aminophylline and a maintenance dose of 1.5?mg/kg or 2.0?mg/(kg·8 h). The clinical efficacy of drugs for children in the two groups was evaluated. The plasma concentration of drugs, heart rate, blood pressure were tracked, and adverse reactions in children were monitored. Results The positive rate of caffeinated citrate was 91.67%, which was higher than that of 75.33% in the ammoniacine group (P?< 0.05). Using the analysis of variance of repeated measurements, the blood concentration of caffeine citrate at different time points was different (F?=?27.629, P?=?0.000), and the blood concentration of aminophylline was also different (F?=?11.488, P?=?0.002). There was no significant difference in heart rate and arterial pressure within both the two groups at different time points (P?>?0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions including tachycardia, hypertension, dysphoria, and convulsion in the caffeine citrate group was 13.3%, lower than that of 40.0% in the aminophylline group (P?
