壮族2 型糖尿病患者高血压的影响因素分析*

The analysis of influencing factors for hypertension in type 2 diabetic patients of Zhuang nationality*

摘要:

目的 探讨壮族2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者高血压的影响因素，以期发现高血压危险人群，并采取 措施减少心血管疾病的发生。方法 回顾性分析2013年1月—2018年12月在南宁市、崇左市、百色市、河池市、 马山县5家壮族人群聚居区医院的壮族T2DM患者相关资料，包括人口学特征、血糖和血脂等生物化学指标及生 活方式等情况。采用单因素分析及多元线性回归分析壮族T2DM患者高血压发生的影响因素。结果 1 598例壮 族T2DM患者分为正常血压组306例、高血压前期组436例和高血压组856例。将资料按收缩压（SBP）与舒张压 （DBP）分别进行相关性分析，结果显示SBP与年龄、糖尿病病程、心血管病家族史、体重指数（BMI）、糖化血 红蛋白（HbAlc）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC） 及超敏C 反应蛋白（hs-CRP） 呈正相关（P <0.05）；与吸烟、饮酒、体力活动及餐后2 h血糖（2hPG） 呈负相关（P < 0.05）。DBP与年龄、糖尿病病程、心血管病家族史、BMI、空腹血浆血糖（FPG）、HbAlc、HDL、LDL、TG、 TC及hs-CRP呈正相关（P <0.05）；与体力活动呈负相关（P <0.05）。经多元线性回归分析，结果显示年龄、体 力活动、心血管病家族史、BMI、HbAlc、HDL、LDL、hs-CRP 是壮族T2DM 患者SBP 升高的独立危险因素 （P <0.05）；年龄、体力活动、BMI、FPG、HbAlc、HDL、TC、hs-CRP是壮族T2DM患者DBP升高的独立危 险因素（P <0.05）。结论 年龄、体力活动、心血管病家族史、BMI、FPG、HbAlc、HDL、LDL、TC、hs- CRP是壮族T2DM患者高血压的独立危险因素。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the risk factors for hypertension in patients of Zhuang nationality with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and therefore to find out the population at risk of hypertension, so as to take preventive measures to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Methods Data on T2DM patients of Zhuang nationality from 5 hospitals in Guangxi from January 2013 to December 2018 were collected and analyzed retrospectively, including demographic characteristics, biochemical indicators such as blood sugar and blood lipids, and lifestyle. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the risk factors for hypertension in T2DM patients of Zhuang nationality. Results A total of 1 598 T2DM patients of Zhuang nationality were enrolled, and were divided into normal blood pressure group (306 cases), prehypertension group (436 cases), and hypertension group (856 cases). Correlation analysis was performed based on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The results showed that SBP was positively correlated with age, duration of diabetes mellitus, family history of cardiovascular diseases, body mass index (BMI), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (P < 0.05), while SBP was negatively correlated with smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and 2-hour plasma glucose (2hPG) (P < 0.05). Besides, DBP was positively correlated with age, duration of diabetes mellitus, family history of cardiovascular diseases, BMI, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbAlc, HDL, LDL, TG, TC, and hs-CRP (P < 0.05), but was negatively correlated with physical activity (P < 0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, physical activity, family history of cardiovascular diseases, BMI, HbAlc, HDL, LDL, and hs-CRP were independent risk factors for increased SBP in T2DM patients of Zhuang nationality (P < 0.05). In addition, age, physical activity, BMI, FPG, HbAlc, HDL, TC, hs-CRP were independent risk factors for increased DBP in T2DM patients of Zhuang nationality (P < 0.05). Conclusions The age, physical activity, family history of cardiovascular diseases, BMI, FPG, HbAlc, HDL, LDL, TC and hs-CRP are the influencing factors for hypertension in T2DM patients of Zhuang nationality.