某三甲医院综合重症监护病房医院感染的临床特点

Clinical characteristics of nosocomial infections in Integrated Intensive Care Unit of a hospital

摘要:

目的了解河北省唐山市某三甲医院综合重症监护病房（ICU）医院感染的特点，以便有针对性地进行防控，降低医院感染发生率。方法选取2015 年1 月-2015 年12 月入住ICU 的全部患者进行目标性监测，将数据汇总整理，分析监测结果。结果共调查ICU 患者1 431 例，发生感染122 例，感染率为8.5%，男性患者医院感染率与女性患者比较，差异有统计学意义（p <0.05），男性患者医院感染率高于女性患者。感染部位主要分布在血液系统（44.7%）和呼吸道（36.5%）。共检出的病原菌192 株，以革兰阴性菌（80.2%）为主，革兰阳性菌（17.7%）34 株，真菌（2.1%）4 株，其中鲍曼不动杆菌的检出率（24.5%）最高。结论ICU医院感染率高，鲍曼不动杆菌感染及耐药严重，应制定有效的预防控制措施，降低医院感染的发生率。

Abstract:

Objective To understand the features of nosocomial infections in the Integrated ICU of a hospital in Tangshan, so as to make pertinent control and prevention and reduce the incidence of hospital infections. Methods The patients admitted to the ICU from January to December 2015 were monitored, all the data were collected and analyzed. Results Of 1,431 investigated patients, 122 patients acquired nosocomial infections, the infection rate was 8.5%, the male patients had higher infection rate than the female ones (p <0.05). Infected sites were mainly distributed in the blood system (44.7%) and respiratory tract (36.5%). A total of 192 bacterial strains were isolated, most of the bacterial strains were Gram-negative (80.2%), there were 34 strains of Gram-positive bacteria (17.7%) and 4 strains of fungi (2.1%); among which the detection rate of Acinetobacter baumannii (24.5%) was the highest. Conclusions The nosocomial infection rate in the ICU is high, infection and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii are serious. Effective prevention and control measures should be made to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.