烧伤患者血栓易发因素的研究

Risk factors of thrombosis in burn patients

摘要:

目的 探究烧伤患者血栓的易发因素。方法 回顾性分析2014 年6 月-2016 年6 月期间该院收治的97 例烧伤患者的临床资料。所有患者均通过彩色多普勒超声检查患者是否发生静脉血栓，其中16例患者发生静脉血栓为静脉血栓组，其余81 例患者为非静脉血栓组。分析烧伤患者发生血栓的危险因素。结果 16 例患者均为下肢深静脉血栓，其中腘静脉血栓和胫后静脉血栓的发生率最高，均为25.00%。高龄、烧伤总面积大、致伤部位为下肢、发生创面感染、高D- 二聚体水平、卧床时间长均为烧伤患者发生静脉血栓的危险因素（P <0.05）。结论 烧伤患者发生血栓主要为下肢周围型深静脉血栓，应加强对高龄、烧伤总面积大、致伤部位为下肢、发生创面感染、高D- 二聚体水平、卧床时间长的烧伤患者的监控，对下肢深静脉血栓进行早发现、早治疗。

Abstract:

Objective To explore the risk factors of thrombosis in burn patients. Methods The clinical data of 97 burn patients in our hospital between June 2014 and June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Color Doppler ultrasounography was used to examine the occurrence of venous thrombi. Among the patients 16 patients with venous thrombi were assigned into vein thrombus group, and the remaining 81 cases into non-venous thrombus group. The risk factors for thrombosis in the patients with burn were analyzed. Results All the patients in the vein thrombus group had deep vein thrombi of the lower limbs, the incidences of popliteal vein thrombosis and posterior tibial venous thrombosis were the highest (both were 25.00%). Old age, large total burn area, the site of injury to the lower extremities, the occurrence of wound infection, high D-dimer level, and staying in bed for a long time were the risk factors for venous thrombosis in the burn patients (P < 0.05). Conclusions The thrombosis of burn patients is mainly deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremities. Burn patients should be closely monitored for early detection and early treatment of deep vein thrombi, especially those with old age, large total burn area, the site of injury to the lower extremities, the occurrence of wound infection, high D-dimer level, and long time in bed.