工作应激与健康体检人群心电图异常表现的相关性分析

Correlation between work stress and ECG abnormalities of healthy population

摘要:

目的 探讨工作应激对健康体检人群心电图表现的影响。方法 选取2015 年6 月-2016 年1 月在泸州市人民医院接受健康体检的人群282 例。依据职业紧张压力量表OSI 评分分为工作应激高水平组（≤ 15分）和工作应激低水平组（>15 分），比较两组受检者的心电图异常情况。结果 健康体检282 例，心电图异常57 例，其中ST-T 段改变21 例，Q-Tc 间期延长15 例，P-R 间期延长12 例，传导阻滞9 例，窦性心律不齐6 例，心律失常6 例，心电轴左偏3 例，心房颤动3 例，早搏3 例，其他9 例。工作应激高水平组159 例， 心电图异常45 例（28.30%），工作应激低水平组123 例，心电图异常12 例（9.76%）。工作应激高水平组≤ 40岁、41 ～ 59 岁、≥ 60 岁人群心电图异常率分别为10.00%、30.00% 和38.46% ；工作应激低水平组≤ 40 岁、41 ～ 59 岁、≥ 60 岁人群心电图异常率分别为7.69%、5.56% 和20.00%。两组受检者41 ～ 59 岁、≥ 60 岁人群心电图异常率的比较，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。年龄、工种、工作应激是影响健康体检人群心电图表现的危险因素。结论 工作应激是引起以ST-T 段改变、Q-Tc 间期延长为主的心电图异常改变的危险因素，应激水平越高，心电图异常率随之增加，且对中老年人群影响更大。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effect of work stress on electrocardiogram (ECG) of healthy people. Methods This study included 282 healthy people who had physical examination in our hospital between June 2015 and January 2016. According to the Occupational Stress Scale (OSI) ratings, they were divided into highlevel job stress group (≤ 15 points) and low-level job stress group ( > 15 points). ECG abnormalities were compared between the two groups. Results In the 282 cases of physical examination, ECG abnormalities were found in 57 cases, including ST-T segment changes in 21 cases, Q-Tc interval prolongation in 15 cases, P-R interval prolongation in 12 cases, heart block in 9 cases, sinus arrhythmia in 6 cases, arrhythmia in 6 cases, left axis deviation in 3 cases,atrial fibrillation in 3 cases, premature beats in 3 cases, the other abnormalities in 9 cases. In the 159 cases of the high-level job stress group 45 cases had abnormal ECG (28.30%), while in the 123 cases of the low-level job stress group ECG abnormalities appeared in 12 cases (9.76%). In the high-level job stress group, ECG abnormality rates of the populations with the age ≤40 years, 41-59 years and ≥60 years were 10.00%, 30.00% and 38.46% respectively;in the low-level job stress group, ECG abnormality rates of the populations with the age ≤40 years, 41-59 years and ≥60 years were 7.69%, 5.56% and 20.00% respectively. The abnormal ECG rates of the 41-59 years old crowds and the ≥60 years old crowds were statistically different between the two groups (P < 0.05). Age, type of work and work stress were the independent factors influencing ECG findings of healthy people (P < 0.05). Conclusions Job stress is an independent risk factor for ECG abnormalities mainly manifested by ST-T segment changes and Q-Tc interval prolongation. The higher the stress level, the higer the abnormal ECG rate, and the greater the impact on the elderly population.