Abstract:Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of resveratrol on oxidative stress in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of hyperoxia-exposed premature infants. Methods Fifty-two cases of premature infants were randomly divided into resveratrol plus high oxygen group and high oxygen group with 26 cases in each group, and 20 preterm infants with normal atmospheric air inhalation during the same period were selected as control group. Each infant was drawn 2 ml of blood from the radial artery, and then mononuclear cells were isolated by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation. The levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the culture medium, autophagosomes and the level and activity of erythrocyte oxygenase (HO-1) protein were observed. Results The active oxygen, MDA, autophagosomes, HO-1 protein level and HO-1 activity were signi-ficantly different among the 3 groups (P < 0.05), which were the highest in the high oxygen group and lowest in the control group. Conclusions Resveratrol can effectively protect premature infants from oxidative stress injury induced by hyperoxia exposure.