跌倒效能在社区老年人肌肉减少症与生活质量的中介效应分析

Role of falls efficacy in relationship between sarcopenia and quality of life among elderly people in community

摘要:

目的 探讨跌倒效能在老年人肌肉减少症状与生活质量间的中介效应，为提高老年人的生活质量提供理论参考。方法 采用方便抽样法抽取辽宁省锦州市社区老年人610 名，运用肌肉减少症筛查量表、跌倒效能量表与生活质量量表对社区老年人进行调查。用SPSS 21.0 统计软件对于一般资料进行描述性分析，Pearson 相关分析对老年人肌肉减少状况、跌倒效能与生活质量间的相关程度进行分析；线性回归分析跌倒效能的中介作用；AMOS22.0 软件构建结构方程模型，Bootstrap 法进一步验证跌倒效能在社区老年人肌肉减少状况与生活质量间的中介作用。结果 有效回收问卷600 份，老年人肌肉减少状况、跌倒效能及生活质量之间均呈线性关系，肌肉减少得分与跌倒效能、生活质量得分呈负相关（P <0.05），跌倒效能得分与生活质量得分呈正相关（P <0.05）；跌倒效能在老年人肌肉减少与生活质量间发挥部分中介的作用，且中介效应占总效应的39.1%。结论 跌倒效能高的老年人生活质量较好，对于肌肉减少患者可以通过增加其跌倒效能来提高其生活质量。

Abstract:

Objective To explore the role of falls efficacy in the relationship between sarcopenia and the quality of life, so as to provide theoretical reference for improving the quality of life in the elderly. Methods Totally 610 elderly people were selected from communities in Jinzhou of Liaoning Province using convenient sampling method.Sarcopenia-Five scale, Falls Efficacy Scale and 12-Item Health Survey were used to investigate the community elderly people. SPSS21.0 software was used to analyze the general information. The correlations among sarcopenia,falls efficacy and life quality were analyzed by the Pearson correlation analysis, the intermediary role of falls efficacy was analyzed by linear regression analysis. AMOS22.0 software was utilized to construct structural equation model,the Bootstrap method was used to further verify the intermediary role. Results A total of 600 questionnaires were effectively recycled. Sarcopenia, falls efficiency and life quality all presented linear relationships within each other; sarcopenia scores were negatively correlated with falls efficiency scores and life quality scores (P < 0.05);falls efficiency scores were positively correlated with life quality scores (P < 0.05). Falls efficacy exerted an intermediary role between sarcopenia and quality of life, and the mediation effect accounted for 39.1% of the total effect. Conclusions People with high falls efficiency have better life quality. Elderly people with sarcopenia can improve their quality of life through increasing the falls efficiency.