某市空巢老人生命质量及其影响因素研究

Investigation on quality of life and influencing factors of Baise empty nesters

摘要:

目的 探讨百色市空巢老人生命质量现状及其影响因素，为提高空巢老人生命质量提供参考依据。方法 采用自行设计的调查表、SF-36 生命质量量表对百色市60 岁及以上的316 例空巢老人和258 例非空巢老人进行问卷调查。结果 百色市空巢老人与非空巢老人文化程度比较差异有统计学意义（P <0.05），而在性别、年龄、婚姻状况、退休前职业的比较上差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）；在心理健康得分上空巢老人低于非空巢老人，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05），余7 个维度差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）；文化程度、居住方式、主观经济自评、孤独程度、是否患慢性病是影响空巢老人生命质量的主要因素。结论 空巢老人的生命质量水平低于非空巢老人，加强健康宣教、改善经济条件及居住环境、减轻孤独感、降低慢性病患病率有利于提高空巢老人的生命质量。

Abstract:

Objective To probe into the status on the quality of life of Baise empty nesters and its influencing factors so as to provide reference for improving the quality of life of empty nesters. Methods With a self-designed questionnaire and SF-36 quality of life scale, the questionnaire survey was conducted in 316 cases of empty nesters at the age of 60 and over and 258 cases of non-empty nesters in Baise City. Results The empty nesters and the non-empty nesters in Baise City had statistically significant difference in the level of education (P < 0.05), but no significant difference in the gender, age, marital status or occupation before retirement (P > 0.05). The mental health scores of the empty nesters were statistically lower than those of the non-empty nesters (P < 0.05), there were no significant differences in the rest seven dimensions (P > 0.05). Level of education, living style, subjective economic self assessment, loneliness, whether suffering from chronic diseases were the main factors influencing the quality of life of the empty nesters. Conclusions The life quality level of the empty nesters is lower than that of the non-empty nest elderly, especially in mental health. Improvement of economic conditions and living environment and reducing loneliness and the prevalence of chronic diseases are conducive to improving the quality of life of the empty nesters.