表皮生长因子受体及其Ⅲ型突变体在人食管癌的表达及意义

Expressions of EGFR and EGFR variant Ⅲ in human esophageal carcinoma and their significance

摘要:

目的  检测表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）及表皮生长因子受体Ⅲ型突变体（EGFRvⅢ）在人食管癌组织中的表达，探讨其与食管癌发生、发展的关系及其与各临床病理特征之间的关系。方法  采用免疫组织化学染色法（MaxvisionTM二步法）检测食管癌组织及正常食管组织中EGFR和EGFRvⅢ蛋白的表达水平，并将检测结果与临床病理参数进行综合分析。结果  食管癌组织EGFR和EGFRvⅢ的表达率分别为65.6%、58.5%，正常食管黏膜EGFR和EGFRvⅢ表达率为30.0%、0%。EGFR在食管癌组织的表达明显高于正常食管组织（P <0.01），EGFRvⅢ在正常食管黏膜不表达。二者在食管癌组织的表达与性别、年龄、肿瘤大小和生长部位均无相关（P >0.05），与食管癌的分化程度、淋巴结转移、远隔器官转移及临床分期相关（P <0.05）。结论  EGFR、EGFRvⅢ过度表达可能与食管癌的发生发展密切相关，EGFR、EGFRvⅢ有望作为预测食管癌预后的候选基因，EGFRvⅢ在食管癌组织中特异性表达，可能使其成为食管癌治疗的理想的靶点。

Abstract:

Objective To detect expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and epidermal growth factor receptor variant Ⅲ (EGFRv Ⅲ) in human esophageal carcinoma and to explore its relation with the genesis and development of human esophageal cancer and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters. Methods Immunohistochemistry (Maxvision TM2) was used to detect the expressions of EGFR and EGFRv Ⅲ protein in human esophageal cancer tissues of 58 cases and normal esophageal tissue specimens from 20 non-cancer patients. Results Positive expression rates of EGFR and EGFRv Ⅲ in the human esophageal cancer tissues (65.6% and 58.5% respectively) were higher than those of the normal gastric tissues (30.0% and 0%, P < 0.01). EGFRv Ⅲ was not expressed in the normal esophageal tissue. Their expressions were irrelated with gender, age, tomor size or tumor location (P > 0.05); but were closely related with the degree of differentiation, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and clinical stages of esophageal cancer patients (P < 0.05). Conclusions Over-expression of EGFR and EGFRv Ⅲ may be closely related to initiation and progression of esophageal cancer. EGFR and EGFRv Ⅲ could be considered as the markers for predicting the prognosis of human esophageal cancer. And the specific expression of EGFRv Ⅲ in esophageal carcinoma can make it the ideal target of treatment of esophageal carcinoma.