结肠黑变病54例分析

Analysis of melanosis coli in 54 cases

摘要:

目的  分析结肠黑变病（MC）的病因、诊断及预后。方法  选取该院2009年9月-2012年9月经电子结肠镜、病理学诊断的MC患者54例进行临床分析，并对其中的34例随访1年。结果  54例MC占同期结肠镜检查的0.13%（54/4120），女性高于男性；年龄40～88岁，平均年龄70.2岁。病因以慢性便秘为主，占96.29%（52/54），另有2例因其他疾病服用中草药>6个月。诊断主要依靠电子结肠镜检查，对发现的结肠息肉取活检送病理学检查。对随访1年的34例患者复查电子结肠镜，其黏膜黑变程度无明显减轻，结肠息肉发生率无明显升高，未发现肿瘤新生物。结论  MC的病因明确，诊断主要依靠结肠镜检查，但短期干预治疗收效甚微，需长期随访观察。

Abstract:

Objective To summarize etiology, diagnosis and prognosis of melanosis coli. Methods Fifty-four cases of melanosis coli were treated in our hospital from Sep. 2009 to Sep. 2012 after electronic colonoscopy and pathological diagnosis. A retrospective clinical analysis was made for them. Of the 54 patients, 34 were followed up for one year. Results The 54 cases of melanosis coli accounted for 0.13% of those (54/4120) receiving colonoscopy in the three years and the female had a higher incidence. The average age was 70.21 (40-88) years. Chronic constipation was the cause of 52 cases (96.29%) while the other two had taken herbs for at least 6 months. Electronic colonoscopy was the main means of diagnosis, and biopsy and pathological examination were performed for colon polyps found in electronic colonoscopy. After one-year follow-up, 34 cases were re-examined, the extent of melanosis coli was not relieved; the incidence of colon polyp was not obviously increased. Conclusions Etiology of melanosis coli is clear. Electronic colonoscopy is the main means of diagnosis. Long-term follow-up is needed when short-term intervention is not efficient.