缺氧在子宫内膜异位症发病机制中的作用研究进展

Hypoxia in the pathogenesis of endometriosis

摘要:

子宫内膜异位症是育龄期女性常见的雌激素依赖性疾病，病因虽尚不明确，但多数学者认为种植学说是其发展的关键组成部分。子宫内膜组织从子宫脱落逆行至腹膜腔并种植卵巢或腹膜时将面临严重的缺氧应激，而在缺氧应激条件下，雌激素、上皮-间质转化、血管生成和代谢转换等因素可能是子宫内膜异位症发生、发展的关键步骤。该文就这些步骤涉及的许多关键酶、信号转导通路或相关因子进行阐述。另外，越来越多的证据表明表观遗传学可能与子宫内膜异位症的发生有关，缺氧驱动的复杂调控网络确保子宫内膜异位细胞可以在特殊的腹膜微环境下生存，因此靶向介导缺氧驱动的调控网络可能是治疗子宫内膜异位症的新方法。

Abstract:

Endometriosis is a common estrogen-dependent disease in women of childbearing age. Although the cause is not clear, most scholars believe that implantation theory is a key part of its development. When the endometrial tissue falls off the uterus retrograde to the peritoneal cavity and implants the ovaries or peritoneum, it will face severe hypoxic stress. Under hypoxic stress conditions, these factors such as estrogen, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis and metabolic conversion may be a key step in the development of endometriosis. This article describes many key enzymes, signal transduction pathways, or related factors involved in these steps. In addition, more and more evidences show that epigenetics may be related to the occurrence of endometriosis, the complex regulatory network driven by hypoxia ensures that endometriotic cells can survive in special peritoneal microenvironments, therefore, the target-mediated hypoxia-driven regulatory network may be a new method for the treatment of endometriosis.