MicroRNA早期诊断子宫内膜异位症的研究进展

Research progress in microRNAs for early diagnosis of endometriosis

摘要:

MicroRNA（miRNA）是一类非编码RNA分子，被公认为是一种与人类多种疾病相关的转录后调节因子。目前研究发现了数百种在疾病中表达失调的miRNA，其中不少可以作为有前景的生物标志物。子宫内膜异位症（EMT）影响全球大约1.9亿育龄女性，是一种可导致痛经、慢性盆腔疼痛、不孕症等的慢性疾病。与其他慢性病比较，EMT的确诊时间往往延迟，目前还没有准确、容易获得、非侵入性的诊断工具。一些miRNA已被确定为EMT的潜在生物标志物，并且能够将EMT病理生理学的目标基因与功能途径联系起来。该文通过总结组织和循环中的miRNA在EMT中的表达差异，对miRNA中可作为早期诊断EMT的生物标志物的研究进展进行综述。

Abstract:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that are widely recognized as post-transcriptional regulators associated with a variety of human diseases. Current studies have identified hundreds of miRNAs that are dysregulated in diseases and many of them could serve as promising biomarkers. Endometriosis (EMT), which affects approximately 190 million women of reproductive age worldwide, is a chronic disease that may cause dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and other disorders. Compared to other chronic diseases, the diagnosis of EMT is often delayed due to the lack of accurate, easily accessible, and non-invasive diagnostic tools. In multiple studies, several miRNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers of EMT, and are able to link target genes and functional pathways involved the pathophysiology of EMT. This review analyzes the types of miRNAs that can be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis of EMT by summarizing the differences in the expression of miRNAs in tissues and the circulation in EMT.