高原低氧习服的研究进展

Research progress on acclimatization to high-altitude hypoxia

摘要:

高原低氧习服是指进入高原后机体产生一系列生理改变以确保能在低氧环境中更好地生活，其对高原人群身心健康至关重要。然而如何快速习服高原低氧环境、减少高原低氧对机体损伤至今仍不清楚。了解高原低氧损伤发生、发展机制，寻找精准预测高原低氧损伤发生的靶点，研发高效预防和治疗高原低氧损伤的措施迫在眉睫。该文就高原低氧损伤发生机制、高原低氧损伤易感性靶点、促进高原低氧习服措施进行综述，旨在为高原医学快速发展提供参考，为构建对高原低氧损伤的充分认识、早期预警、有效预防和快速治疗于一体的诊防治新策略提供新思路。

Abstract:

Acclimatization to high altitude refers to a series of physiological changes within the body after entering the plateau in order to better live in the hypoxic environment, which is crucial to the physical and mental health of people living on the plateau. However, it is still unclear how to quickly adapt to the high-altitude hypoxia and reduce the damage of high-altitude hypoxia to the body. Thus, it is extremely urgent to understand the mechanisms underlying the occurrence and development of high-altitude hypoxia-induced injury, to determine the targets for accurately predicting the high-altitude hypoxia-induced injury, and to develop effective measures for preventing and treating high-altitude hypoxia-induced injury. This review will summarize the mechanisms of high-altitude hypoxia-induced injury, the targets for susceptibility to high-altitude hypoxia-induced injury and the measures to promote acclimatization to high-altitude hypoxia, in order to provide references for the rapid development of the plateau medicine and novel insights for establishing a new prevention and treatment strategy integrating full understanding, early warning, effective prevention and timely treatment of high-altitude hypoxia-induced injury.