基于骨免疫微环境探讨补肾活血方防治绝经后骨质疏松症的研究进展

Advance in the mechanisms of Bushen Huoxue Recipe on the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis from the perspective of the bone immune microenvironment

摘要:

骨质疏松症（OP）是我国人群中最常见的多发病，好发于绝经后的老年妇女，增加了患者骨折的风险。绝经后骨质疏松症（PMOP）是一种以骨量减少和骨折风险增加为特征的全身性疾病，主要是绝经后雌激素水平显著降低导致的。除了雌激素缺乏对骨骼的直接负面影响外，绝经后妇女免疫状态的改变间接导致骨骼的持续破坏，因为绝经后妇女通常表现出慢性低级别炎症表型，细胞因子表达和免疫细胞谱发生改变。PMOP已严重危害我国女性健康。补肾活血方是一种应用广泛的补肾活血中药，近年来，随着我国临床医师与患者越来越重视中医药，补肾活血方被应用于多种疾患，包括骨科的多种疾病，其对PMOP的防治效果亦明显。该文基于骨免疫微环境，以骨代谢对PMOP产生影响为基础，论述补肾活血方的作用机制。

Abstract:

Osteoporosis (OP) is one of the most prevalent diseases in Chinese people, especially among the postmenopausal elderly women, and it increases the risk of fracture. Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a systemic disease characterized by decreased bone mass and increased fracture risk, which is mainly attributed to the significant reduction in estrogen levels after menopause. In addition to the direct negative effects of estrogen deficiency on the bone, the alterations in immune status in postmenopausal women may indirectly lead to sustained bone destruction, as postmenopausal women usually show a chronic low-degrade inflammatory phenotype as well as changes in the expressions of cytokines and the spectrum of immune cells. PMOP has seriously endangered the health of female residents in China, and the prevention and treatment of this disease are particularly essential. Bushen Huoxue Recipe is a widely-used traditional Chinese medicine for invigorating the kidney and activating blood circulation. In recent years, as Chinese clinicians and patients pay more and more attention to the role of traditional Chinese medicine, the Bushen Huoxue Recipe has been applied to a variety of diseases including multiple orthopedic diseases, and it exhibits great efficacy in the prevention and treatment of PMOP. This review will elucidate the potential mechanisms of the Bushen Huoxue recipe on PMOP from the perspective of the bone immune microenvironment, which may affect PMOP through the bone metabolism.