白血病干细胞在急性髓系白血病治疗中的研究进展

The research progress of therapeutic strategies on acute myeloid leukemia by targeting leukemic stem cells

摘要:

急性髓系白血病的高复发率及药物的耐药性是导致患者病死的主要原因。白血病干细胞被认为是急性髓系白血病发生及复发的起源，是急性髓系白血病治疗产生耐药性的重要原因。靶向白血病干细胞有望成为提高急性髓系白血病治愈率和降低复发率的主要治疗策略。近几年国内外对靶向白血病干细胞的研究较多。该文从白血病干细胞的来源、生物学特性、生存微环境、相关免疫表型、相关信号通路、靶向治疗策略等方面进行综述，并重点阐述治疗策略，以期为急性髓系白血病的治疗提供新的思路。

Abstract:

The high relapse rate and drug resistance are main causes of death in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) are supposed to be responsible for the proliferation of leukemia cells and facilitate the development of relapse. Therefore, targeting LSCs is expected to be an effective strategy to improve the patients' survival rate and reduce relapse rate even cure AML. In the last decade, more and more studies are focused on the special role of LSCs on leukemogenesis and therapeutic strategies based on LSCs. In this review, we will summarize the origin of LSCs, their biological characteristics, the survival microenvironment for LSCs, their relevant immunophenotypes, and the involved signaling pathways related to LSCs. Particularly, we will highlight the therapeutic strategies based on LSCs, which may provide novel ideas for the treatment of AML.