膀胱癌组织Beclin1、LC3Ⅱ蛋白的表达及与患者肿瘤特征、预后的相关性分析

Protein expressions of Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ in bladder cancer tissues and their correlations with characteristics of tumors and prognosis

摘要:

目的 观察膀胱癌组织中自噬基因Beclin1、微管相关蛋白1轻链3-Ⅱ（LC3Ⅱ）蛋白表达状况，并分析两者与预后的相关性。方法 选取2020年1月—2021年8月新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院病理资料完整的110例膀胱癌患者。观察患者膀胱癌组织中Beclin1、LC3Ⅱ蛋白表达状况，记录病理参数，并对患者进行为期1年的随访。统计预后情况，观察不同病理参数及预后的膀胱癌患者膀胱癌组织中Beclin1、LC3Ⅱ蛋白表达，并分析两者与患者预后的相关性。结果 膀胱癌组织Beclin1、LC3Ⅱ蛋白高表达率较癌旁组织低，Beclin1、LC3Ⅱ蛋白中低表达率较癌旁组织高（P <0.05）。高组织学分级、T₂～T₄分期、浸润性、淋巴结转移、预后不良的膀胱癌患者Beclin1蛋白高表达率低于低组织学分级、T_a～T₁分期、非浸润性、无淋巴结转移、预后良好的患者（P <0.05）。不同性别、年龄、肿瘤直径、血管侵犯的膀胱癌患者Beclin1蛋白表达率比较，差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。高组织学分级、T₂～T₄分期、浸润性、淋巴结转移、预后不良的膀胱癌患者LC3Ⅱ蛋白高表达率低于低组织学分级、T_a～T₁分期、非浸润性、无淋巴结转移、预后良好的患者（P <0.05）。不同性别、年龄、肿瘤直径、血管侵犯的膀胱癌患者LC3Ⅱ蛋白表达率比较，差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。经Phi系数相关性分析，Beclin1、LC3Ⅱ蛋白与预后不良均呈负相关（Phi=-0.277和-0.222，均P <0.05）。多因素逐步Logistic回归分析结果显示：Beclin1高表达［O^R=3.892（95% CI：1.504，10.072）］、LC3Ⅱ蛋白中低表达［O^R=3.358（95% CI：1.165，9.677）］是预后不良的危险因素（P <0.05）。结论 膀胱癌组织中Beclin1、LC3Ⅱ表达与预后密切相关，Beclin1、LC3Ⅱ蛋白中低表达是预后不良的危险因素。

Abstract:

Objective To observe the protein expressions of autophagy gene Beclin1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-Ⅱ (LC3Ⅱ) in bladder cancer tissues, and to analyze their correlations with prognosis.Methods A total of 110 patients with bladder cancer with complete pathological data from January 2020 to August 2021 in the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were included. The protein expressions of Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ in bladder cancer tissues were detected, the pathological parameters were recorded, and the patients were followed up for 1 year. The prognosis was observed, the protein expressions of Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ in bladder cancer tissues of patients with different pathological parameters and prognosis were determined, and the correlations between the protein expressions of Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ in bladder cancer tissues and the prognosis of patients were analyzed.Results Compared with the adjacent tissues, the rate of high protein expression of Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ was lower in bladder cancer tissues, and the rate of low protein expression of Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ was higher in bladder cancer tissues (P < 0.05). The rate of high protein expression of Beclin1 in patients with bladder cancer of high histological grade and T₂ to T₄ stage, and with infiltration, lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis was lower than that in patients with bladder cancer of low histological grade and T_a to T₁ stage, without infiltration and lymph node metastasis, and with good prognosis, respectively (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the protein expression of Beclin1 among bladder cancer patients with different sex, age and tumor diameter, and those with or without vascular invasion (P > 0.05). The rate of high protein expression of LC3Ⅱ in patients with bladder cancer of high histological grade and T₂ to T₄ stage, and with infiltration, lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis was lower than that in patients with bladder cancer of low histological grade and Ta to T1 stage, without infiltration and lymph node metastasis, and with good prognosis, respectively (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the protein expression of LC3Ⅱ among bladder cancer patients with different sex, age and tumor diameter, and those with or without vascular invasion (P > 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that the protein expressions of Beclin1 (Phi = -0.277) and LC3Ⅱ (Phi = -0.310) were both negatively correlated with poor prognosis (P < 0.05). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis exhibited that high protein expression of Beclin1 [O^R = 3.892, (95% CI: 1.504, 10.072) ] and low protein expression of LC3Ⅱ [O^R = 3.358, (95% CI: 1.165, 9.677) ] were risk factors for poor prognosis (P < 0.05).Conclusions The expressions of Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ in bladder cancer tissues are closely related to the prognosis of patients, and low protein expressions of Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ are risk factors for poor prognosis.