白细胞介素-13参与瘙痒的研究进展

Research progress of interleukin-13 involved in pruritus

摘要:

瘙痒是一种使人不愉快的搔抓感觉。各种皮肤病、系统性疾病、神经性疾病、心理性疾病等，均可引发瘙痒，其发病机制复杂。白细胞介素-13（IL-13）属于2型细胞因子，在瘙痒中扮演着重要的作用。IL-13主要由辅助型T细胞2（Th2）细胞分泌，其通过与白细胞介素-13受体α1（IL-13Rα1）和白细胞介素-4受体α（IL-4Rα）组成的异二聚体结合引起细胞的反应，可直接引起瘙痒或者间接促进其他瘙痒因子释放。该文综述IL-13及其受体的细胞来源、信号通路及其在瘙痒中的作用机制和靶向治疗药物的最新进展。

Abstract:

Pruritus is an unpleasant sensation that causes itching. Various skin diseases, systemic diseases, neurological disorders, and psychological conditions can all trigger pruritus, and its pathogenesis is complex. Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is a type 2 cytokine that plays a significant role in pruritus. IL-13 is mainly secreted by T helper 2 (Th2) cells and, through binding with the IL-13 receptor alpha 1 (IL-13Rα1) and interleukin-4 receptor alpha (IL-4Rα) heterodimer, it can directly cause itching or indirectly promote the release of other pruritus factors. This article reviews the cellular sources, signaling pathways, mechanisms of action in pruritus, and the latest developments in targeted therapeutic drugs for IL-13 and its receptors.