2型固有淋巴细胞及相关因子在多发性骨髓瘤患者中的研究

Study on type 2 innate lymphocytes and associated moleculars in multiple myeloma patients

摘要:

目的 研究多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者外周血中2型固有淋巴细胞（ILC2s）水平及相关因子表达的变化特点。方法 选取2021年1月—2022年6月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院60例初次诊断为MM的患者和40例健康人群为研究对象。流式细胞术检测ILC2s细胞比例及杀伤细胞凝集素样受体G1（KLRG1）的表达，实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）检测相关因子GATA-3、ST2、IL-5、IL-13、IL-7RB mRNA相对表达量。绘制受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线，分析各指标对疗效的预测价值。结果 初诊MM患者的外周血单个核细胞中ILC2s细胞的比例、ILC2s细胞上KLRG1的表达及GATA-3、ST2、IL-5、IL-13 mRNA相对表达量较健康人群均上升（P <0.05），且ILC2s细胞比例与ILC2s细胞上KLRG1表达及GATA-3、ST2、IL-5、IL-13 mRNA呈正相关（r =0.831、0.748、0.737、0.702和0.699，均P <0.05）。经过治疗后，缓解组患者ILC2s细胞比例、KLRG1表达及GATA-3、ST2、IL-5、IL-13、IL-7RB mRNA相对表达量较未缓解组患者均下降（P <0.05）。缓解组患者治疗后ILC2s细胞比例、KLRG1阳性表达及GATA、IL-5、IL-13 mRNA相对表达量较治疗前均下降（P <0.05）。未缓解组患者治疗后ILC2s细胞比例及GATA-3、ST2、IL-5、IL-13 mRNA相对表达量较治疗前均上升（P <0.05）。ROC曲线分析结果显示，治疗前ILC2s细胞上KLRG1表达、IL-13 mRNA及两者联合检测对疗效有较好的预测价值。结论 ILC2s细胞参与MM疾病的免疫紊乱，具有促肿瘤的作用，ILC2s细胞免疫紊乱可能是通过细胞相关效应分子发生改变引起的。

Abstract:

Objective To explore the changes in ILC2s and their associated moleculars in the peripheral blood of multiple myeloma (MM) patients.Methods This study included sixty MM patients and forty healthy controls. The proportion of ILC2s cells and the expression of KLRG1 on these cells were analyzed using flow cytometry, while the mRNA levels of GATA-3, ST2, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-7RB were quantified through PCR.Results In newly diagnosed MM patients, there was an increase in the proportion of ILC2s, KLRG1 expression on ILC2s, and the mRNA levels of GATA-3, ST2, IL-5, and IL-13 in PBMC (P < 0.05). Additionally, the proportion of ILC2s cells showed a positive correlation with these associated molecules (r = 0.831, 0.748, 0.737, 0.702, and 0.699, P <0.05). Post-treatment, the remission group exhibited lower levels of ILC2s cells, KLRG1 expression on ILC2s, and mRNA levels of GATA-3, ST2, IL-5, and IL-13 compared to the non-remission group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, these parameters decreased in the remission group post-treatment compared to pre-treatment (P < 0.05). Conversely, in the non-remission group, the proportion of ILC2s cells and associated molecular levels significantly increased post-treatment (P < 0.05). ROC curves demonstrated that pre-treatment levels of KLRG1 expression on ILC2s cells and IL-13 mRNA had significant predictive value for treatment efficacy.Conclusion ILC2s cells contribute to immune dysregulation in MM, promoting tumor growth. These cellular immune disorders may result from alterations in cell-associated effector molecules.