骨桥蛋白在非酒精性脂肪性肝病的研究进展

Research progress of osteopontin in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

摘要:

非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是由于能量摄入过多导致脂肪在肝细胞内堆积，其发病率逐年升高，是目前最常见的慢性肝脏疾病。骨桥蛋白（OPN）属于分泌型磷蛋白，近些年关于OPN的研究分为两种亚型，包括分泌型骨桥蛋白（sOPN）和胞内型骨桥蛋白（iOPN），大量研究证实OPN在NAFLD的发生、发展中起重要作用。巨噬细胞来源的iOPN参与促进脂质代谢，抑制肝脏炎症损伤；肝星状细胞来源的iOPN参与肝纤维化的进展；sOPN参与抑制脂质代谢，具有对纤维化的修复能力；OPN能中和降低脂质代谢、减轻肝脏炎症损伤和减缓肝纤维化的发生等。该文对OPN亚型在NAFLD发病机制中的多重作用及可能机制进行了综述。

Abstract:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition characterized by the accumulation of fat within hepatocytes due to excessive energy intake. Its incidence has been increasing year by year, making it the most common chronic liver disease currently. Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted phosphoprotein, and recent studies have classified it into two isoforms: secreted OPN (sOPN) and intracellular OPN (iOPN). Numerous studies have confirmed that OPN plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of NAFLD. Macrophage-derived iOPN is involved in promoting lipid metabolism and inhibiting hepatic inflammation and injury. The iOPN derived from hepatic stellate cells is involved in the progression of liver fibrosis, while sOPN participates in inhibiting lipid metabolism and has the ability to repair fibrosis. OPN balances lipid metabolism, decreases liver inflammation and injury, and slows the development of liver fibrosis. This review summarizes the multiple roles of the OPN isoforms in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and explores the potential mechanisms involved.