外泌体调控自噬对肝脏相关疾病的作用及启示

The role of extracellular vesicle-mediated regulation of autophagy in liver diseases and its implications

摘要:

外泌体（EV）是细胞间信息交流的重要传递媒介，在介导细胞间的信息交换、免疫反应、细胞再生信号传导和分化中起着关键作用，并广泛参与细胞自噬、细胞凋亡、炎症反应、免疫调节等病理生理过程。EV通过其传递的内容物影响受体细胞的自噬水平。自噬是一种细胞自我降解的程序，可通过降解细胞中衰老死亡的细胞器、错误折叠的蛋白质及其他分子，提供能量支持。目前的研究表明自噬失调与肝脏的发病机制和进展密切相关。因此，调节自噬可能是未来肝脏疾病治疗的新靶点。该文综述了EV和自噬的重要性，并阐述EV介导自噬对肝脏疾病的临床研究及启示。

Abstract:

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are essential mediators of intercellular communication, playing a key role in cell-to-cell information exchange, immune response, cell regeneration signaling, and differentiation. They are also widely involved in various pathophysiological processes, including cell autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, and immune regulation. EVs affect the autophagy levels of recipient cells through their delivered contents. Autophagy is a cellular self-degradation program that degrades damaged organelles, misfolded proteins, and other molecules during cell senescence and death to provide energy support. Current research indicates that dysregulation of autophagy is closely associated with the pathogenesis and progression of liver diseases. Therefore, regulating autophagy could be a novel therapeutic target for liver diseases. This review highlights the importance of EVs and autophagy and discusses the clinical research and insights on EVs-mediated autophagy in liver diseases.