抑郁症患者认知损伤的危险因素分析及血清Hcy、FGF22、hs-CRP水平观察

Analysis of risk factors for cognitive impairment in depression patients and serum levels of Hcy, FGF22, and hs-CRP

摘要:

目的 观察抑郁症患者认知损伤的危险因素及血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、成纤维细胞生长因子22（FGF22）、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）水平。方法 选取联勤保障部队第987医院精神科在2021年1月—2023年1月收治的94例抑郁症患者纳为观察组，并选择同期在该院参与体检的94例健康体检者为对照组。根据简易精神状态量表（MMSE）评分将观察组患者分为无认知损伤组（MMSE≥ 24分）48例及认知损伤组（MMSE< 24分）46例。收集并比较研究对象的临床资料，影响因素的分析采用多因素一般Logistic回归模型。结果 对照组、无认知损伤组和认知损伤组的性别构成、年龄、体质量指数、吸烟史、饮酒史、高血压史、糖尿病史、冠心病史、高脂血症史、收缩压和舒张压比较，差异均无统计学意义（P >0.05）；认知损伤组Hcy、hs-CRP水平高于无认知损伤组及对照组（P <0.05），FGF22低于无认知损伤组及对照组（P <0.05）。Hcy水平［O^R =1.654（95% CI：1.232，3.354）］、FGF22水平［O^R =1.446（95% CI：1.232，1.698）］和hs-CRP水平［O^R =1.729（95% CI：1.130，2.646）］均为影响抑郁症患者认知损伤的危险因素（P <0.05）。结论 血清Hcy、FGF22和hs-CRP水平均为影响抑郁症患者认知损伤的危险因素，可为临床提供参考依据。

Abstract:

Objective To observe the risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with depression and the serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy), fibroblast growth factor 22 (FGF22), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).Methods A total of 94 depression patients who were treated in the Department of Psychiatry at the 987th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force between January 2021 and January 2023 were recruited as the observation group. Concurrently, 94 healthy individuals undergoing health examinations at the same hospital were selected as the control group. Based on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, patients in the observation group were further divided into the non-cognitive impairment group (MMSE≥24, n =48) and the cognitive impairment group (MMSE<24, n =46). Clinical data of all subjects were collected and analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze influencing factors.Results No statistically significant differences in gender distribution, age, body mass index, smoking history, drinking history, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, systolic blood pressure, or diastolic blood pressure were observed among the control group, the non-cognitive impairment group, and the cognitive impairment group (P >0.05). However, the cognitive impairment group had significantly higher levels of Hcy and hs-CRP compared to the non-cognitive impairment group and the control group (P <0.05). Conversely, levels of FGF22 were significantly lower in the cognitive impairment group than in the other two groups (P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that levels of Hcy [O^R =1.654 (95% CI: 1.232, 3.354)], levels of hs-CRP [O^R =1.446 (95% CI: 1.232, 1.698)], and levels of FGF22 [O^R =1.729 (95% CI: 1.130, 2.646)] were all independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with depression (P <0.05).Conclusion Serum levels of Hcy, FGF22, and hs-CRP are independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with depression, serving as valuable reference indicators for clinical practice.