肿瘤相关成纤维细胞来源的趋化因子在食管癌中的研究进展

Research progress and future perspectives on chemokines derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts in esophageal cancer

摘要:

肿瘤相关成纤维细胞（CAFs）作为食管癌肿瘤微环境中含量最丰富的基质细胞，其分泌的趋化因子在肿瘤细胞存活及增殖、肿瘤血管生成、免疫逃逸、肿瘤转移等方面发挥重要作用。借助分子影像的特异性成像可无创可视化这些趋化因子及其受体的表达水平，为食管癌的诊断提供助力。基于这些趋化因子在肿瘤各种恶性生物学行为的重要作用，利用相关拮抗剂和抗体阻断上下游信号通路可重塑肿瘤免疫微环境，调节免疫应答，抑制食管癌的生长和转移。同时，趋化因子的表达水平与患者预后息息相关，密切监测其表达水平可用于精准预测患者预后。该文概述了CAFs来源的趋化因子在食管癌中的作用及研究进展，为食管癌的诊疗和预后评估提供新思路。

Abstract:

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the most abundant stromal components in the tumor microenvironment of esophageal cancer, secrete chemokines that play important roles in tumor cell survival and proliferation, angiogenesis, immune evasion and metastasis. Through the specificity of molecular imaging, the expression of these chemokines and their receptors can be noninvasively visualized, thereby providing valuable insights for the diagnosis of esophageal cancer. Given the pivotal roles of these chemokines in various malignant biological behaviors of tumors, targeting their upstream and downstream signaling pathways with specific antagonists or antibodies holds promise for remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment, modulating immune responses, and inhibiting the growth and metastasis of esophageal cancer. Moreover, the expression levels of these chemokines are closely associated with patient prognosis, and their dynamic monitoring may enable accurate prediction of clinical outcomes. In this review, we summarize the roles and recent advances in research on chemokines derived from CAFs in esophageal cancer, aiming to provide new insights into its diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.