基于NF-κB通路探究中医药干预脓毒症的研究进展

Research advances of traditional Chinese medicine interventions for sepsis via the NF-κB pathway

摘要:

脓毒症是一种由感染引起的全身反应综合征，目前临床主要治疗策略依赖于呼吸机、连续性肾替代治疗和常规的营养支持，但仍然缺乏治疗脓毒症的有效药物。中医药对核转录因子-κB（NF-κB）的干预具有独特的优势。NF-κB信号通路是脓毒症发病机制的核心途径之一。脓毒症过程中会释放多种炎症细胞因子，NF-κB信号通路是诱导炎症反应的枢纽，可调控相关炎症因子而与脓毒症引发的炎症反应关系密切。近年来，诸多研究阐明NF-κB信号通路是中医药防治脓毒症的作用靶点之一，中医药可通过干预NF-κB信号通路有效减少炎症反应。该文基于NF-κB信号通路从中药单体及有效成分、复方、制剂等方面对脓毒症的研究现状进行综述，旨在为中医药防治脓毒症提供新的理论参考与思路。

Abstract:

Sepsis, a systemic inflammatory response syndrome triggered by infection, remains a critical condition with limited pharmacological interventions despite current reliance on ventilatory support, continuous renal replacement therapy, and nutritional management. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) demonstrates distinctive advantages in modulating nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), a pivotal signaling pathway implicated in sepsis pathogenesis. Substantial evidence indicates that NF-κB serves as a central hub for inflammatory cascades during sepsis, orchestrating the release of multiple cytokines and driving organ-damaging inflammation. Recent studies establish the NF-κB pathway as a key therapeutic target for TCM in sepsis management. TCM interventions effectively attenuate inflammatory responses through precise regulation of this pathway. This review synthesizes current evidence from global literature, systematically examining TCM-derived active compounds, compound formulations, and clinical preparations that ameliorate sepsis by targeting NF-κB signaling. Our analysis provides novel theoretical insights to inform future TCM-based sepsis therapeutics.