多组学视角下种植体周围炎发病机制及精准干预策略研究进展

Research progress on the pathogenesis and precision intervention strategies for peri-implantitis from a multi-omics perspective

摘要:

随着多组学技术的突破性发展，种植体周围炎的研究已从传统病因分析转向分子网络调控机制探索。该文综述微生物组-宿主互作在疾病发生中的作用，拟阐述牙龈卟啉单胞菌外膜囊泡通过microRNA-143介导Toll样受体4/核因子κB通路激活的新机制；通过16S rRNA基因测序构建的微生物风险指数（MBindex），结合代谢物特征建立的机器学习模型；仿生递药系统及光动力疗法联合牙龈间充质干细胞外泌体的协同再生效应。这些进展为建立“预测-预防-个性化”诊疗模式提供了理论依据。

Abstract:

With the breakthrough development of multi-omics technologies, research on peri-implantitis has shifted from traditional etiological analysis to the exploration of molecular network regulatory mechanisms. This article systematically reviews the critical role of microbiome-host interactions in disease pathogenesis, revealing a novel mechanism by which Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles activate the TLR4/NF-κB pathway through miR-143 mediation. A machine learning model was established by combining the Microbial Risk Index (MBindex) constructed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing with metabolite characteristics. The synergistic regenerative effects of biomimetic drug delivery systems combined with photodynamic therapy and gingival mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes are also discussed. These advancements provide a theoretical foundation for establishing a "predict-prevent-personalize" diagnostic and treatment paradigm.