淋巴细胞相关炎症指数在甲状腺乳头状癌淋巴结转移中的研究进展

Research progress on lymphocyte-related inflammatory indices in lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma

摘要:

近年来炎症与肿瘤的相互作用机制成为研究热点，尤其为甲状腺乳头状癌（PTC）淋巴结转移（LNM）患者的预测提供了新视角。该文系统评价了中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值、淋巴细胞/单核细胞比值、血小板/淋巴细胞比值及全身免疫炎症指数（SII）与肿瘤细胞相互作用的分子机制，揭示了SII通过整合血小板介导的血管生成、中性粒细胞源性炎症级联及淋巴细胞耗竭动态，精准反映肿瘤免疫反应全过程。同时基于这些炎症指标构建术前决策树模型使中央区淋巴结清扫阳性率提高，为临床上实现PTC患者LNM风险的精准分层及个体化治疗策略的优化提供了理论依据。

Abstract:

In recent years, the interplay between inflammation and tumors has become a research focus, particularly offering new perspectives for predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). This review systematically summarized the molecular mechanisms linking neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) with tumor cells. It revealed that SII accurately reflects the entire tumor immune response by integrating platelet-mediated angiogenesis, neutrophil-driven inflammatory cascades, and dynamic lymphocyte depletion. Moreover, a preoperative decision tree model based on these inflammatory indices improved the positive rate of central lymph node dissection, providing a theoretical basis for precise risk stratification and optimization of individualized treatment strategies for PTC patients with LNM.