维生素D在自身免疫性疾病中的作用机制研究进展

Research advances on the role of vitamin D in autoimmune diseases

摘要:

维生素D是一种脂溶性类固醇激素，不仅广泛参与机体钙平衡，而且可以刺激先天免疫并诱导免疫耐受，发挥免疫调节及抗炎作用。缺乏维生素D会加剧多种自身免疫性疾病中的炎症反应与免疫失衡，致使发病风险上升、病情持续发展，因此被认为与自身免疫性疾病的发生有着紧密关联。此外，研究证明补充充足的维生素D及其类似物对部分自身免疫性疾病具有良好的预防和治疗效果。该文在介绍自身免疫性疾病发病机制及维生素D作用的基础上，针对维生素D在自身免疫调控中的关键作用、潜在机制及临床进展做一综述，以期为临床治疗应用提供理论基础。

Abstract:

Vitamin D, a fat-soluble steroid hormone, plays a pivotal role not only in maintaining calcium homeostasis but also in stimulating innate immunity and inducing immune tolerance, thereby exerting immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Vitamin D deficiency has been implicated in exacerbating inflammatory responses and immune dysregulation in various autoimmune diseases, leading to increased incidence and prolonged progression, and is thus considered closely associated with the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. Furthermore, accumulating evidence suggests that adequate supplementation of vitamin D and its analogues demonstrates beneficial preventive and therapeutic effects in certain autoimmune conditions. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the critical roles, underlying mechanisms, and clinical advances of vitamin D in autoimmune regulation, aiming to establish a theoretical foundation for its clinical application in disease management.