脱碘酶在代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病中的时空表达与作用机制研究进展

The spatiotemporal expression and mechanistic roles of deiodinases in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

摘要:

脱碘酶（DIOs）是一类负责调控胞内甲状腺激素（THs）活性，以控制机体代谢稳态的重要嵌硒蛋白酶，而代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病（MASLD）则是一种由代谢紊乱和脂肪堆积诱发，进而导致脂毒性及炎症免疫损伤的肝脏疾病。近年来，关于THs在MASLD中的作用研究不断涌现，而对DIOs的认知需完善补充，该文综述了DIOs对肝脏代谢状态变化影响的研究进展，探讨了DIOs在MASLD发病过程中的多组学及多系统调控机制，旨在为DIOs成为该疾病的潜在治疗靶点提供理论依据。

Abstract:

Deiodinases (DIOs) are a class of selenocysteine-containing enzymes that play a crucial role in regulating intracellular thyroid hormone activity and maintaining systemic metabolic homeostasis. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a form of liver injury characterized by metabolic dysregulation and lipid accumulation, which subsequently leads to lipotoxicity and immune-mediated inflammatory damage. In recent years, growing research has focused on the role of thyroid hormones in MASLD, while the understanding of DIOs remains to be further elucidated. This review summarizes recent advances in the study of how DIOs influence hepatic metabolic status, explores the mechanisms through which DIOs contribute to the pathogenesis of MASLD, and suggests potential therapeutic targeting of DIOs for this condition.