白细胞介素-8参与慢性阻塞性肺疾病气道黏液分泌的研究进展

Research progress on the role of interleukin-8 in airway mucus secretion in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

摘要:

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）中气道黏液的过度分泌是推动疾病进展和急性加重的重要病理环节。白细胞介素-8（IL-8）作为核心炎性介质，在这一过程中发挥了关键作用。该文围绕IL-8的生物学特征及其在COPD中的作用机制进行综述。IL-8主要由气道上皮细胞等多种细胞分泌，通过与C-X-C趋化因子受体1/2（CXCR1/CXCR2）结合，激活多条信号通路，从而调控杯状细胞增殖及黏蛋白异常合成与分泌。IL-8可作为早期COPD的敏感炎症标志物，其水平变化与抗感染治疗反应及急性加重风险密切相关；通过降低IL-8水平抑制气道炎症与黏液高分泌，可以改善肺功能和症状，为COPD的防治提供新的治疗思路。IL-8通过多层级信号网络驱动气道黏液高分泌，是COPD病理演变中的关键节点。深入阐明其作用机制并优化靶向干预手段，有望为COPD的治疗带来新突破。

Abstract:

Airway mucus hypersecretion in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a critical pathological feature that drives disease progression and acute exacerbations. Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a central inflammatory mediator, plays a pivotal role in this process. This review summarizes the biological characteristics of IL-8 and its mechanisms of action in COPD. IL-8 is secreted by airway epithelial cells and various other cells, binding to C-X-C chemokine receptors 1 and 2 (CXCR1/CXCR2) to activate multiple signaling pathways. Induced sputum IL-8 serves as a sensitive inflammatory biomarker for early-stage COPD, with its levels closely correlating with responses to anti-infective therapy and the risk of acute exacerbations. Reducing IL-8 levels can suppress airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion, thereby improving lung function and alleviating symptoms, offering a potential therapeutic approach for COPD management. Overall, IL-8 drives airway mucus overproduction via complex signaling networks and represents a key node in the pathological evolution of COPD. Elucidating its mechanisms in greater depth and refining IL-8-targeted interventions may open new avenues for COPD treatment.