外泌体与急性髓系白血病骨髓微环境中的细胞相互作用研究进展

Recent advances in exosome-cell interactions within the bone marrow microenvironment of acute myeloid leukemia

摘要:

外泌体作为细胞间相互作用的关键介质，通过参与急性髓系白血病的肿瘤血管生成、免疫逃逸、化疗耐药及基质细胞功能重编程等多个病理进程，在疾病的发生、发展及骨髓微环境重塑中发挥重要调控作用。外泌体介导的白血病细胞与骨髓微环境细胞间的相互作用形成复杂的双向调控网络，深刻影响骨髓微环境的重塑与免疫稳态，共同推动或抑制急性髓系白血病的进展。因此，深入解析该相互作用网络中的关键节点分子与信号通路，不仅有助于阐明急性髓系白血病的发病机制，更为开发基于外泌体的诊断标志物、筛选治疗靶点及制订联合干预策略奠定坚实的理论基础，并指明转化研究的新方向。

Abstract:

As key mediators of intercellular communication, exosomes play a crucial regulatory role in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the remodeling of the bone marrow microenvironment by participating in multiple pathological processes, including tumor angiogenesis, immune evasion, chemotherapy resistance, and functional reprogramming of stromal cells. The interactions mediated by exosomes between leukemia cells and various cellular components within the bone marrow microenvironment form a highly complex bidirectional regulatory network, profoundly influencing bone marrow microenvironment remodeling and immune homeostasis, thereby collectively promoting or suppressing AML progression. Therefore, in-depth analysis of key nodal molecules and signaling pathways within this interactive network will help clarify the pathogenesis of AML. Furthermore, it lays a solid theoretical foundation for the development of exosome-based diagnostic markers, the screening of therapeutic targets, and the formulation of combination intervention strategies, and points out a new direction for translational research.