摘要
选取2020年2月—2022年8月在武汉市第一医院就诊的96例老年FD患者作为FD组,另取同期该院健康体检老年人80例作为对照组。对比FD组与对照组临床资料、血浆NPSR1、5-HT4水平。多因素逐步Logistic回归分析影响老年FD发生的相关因素。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,分析血浆NPSR1、5-HT4及两者联合检测对老年FD的诊断效能。
FD组体质量指数、脂肪肝、睡眠障碍、焦虑、抑郁及IL-6、CCK及SS水平高于对照组(P <0.05),饮食规律、每周运动时间≥ 4 h占比及MTL水平低于对照组(P <0.05)。FD组血浆NPSR1水平低于对照组(P <0.05),5-HT4水平高于对照组(P <0.05)。多因素逐步Logistic回归分析结果显示,睡眠障碍[O^R=2.735(95% CI:1.299,5.756)]、NPSR1[O^R=3.203(95% CI:1.461,7.023)]、5-HT4[O^R=3.093(95% CI:1.410,6.781)]为老年FD发生的危险因素(P <0.05);饮食规律[O^R=0.361(95% CI:0.165,0.792)]为老年FD发生的保护因素(P <0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血浆NPSR1、5-HT4及两者联合诊断老年FD的敏感性分别为78.13%(95% CI:0.683,0.857)、75.00%(95% CI:0.649,0.830)、73.96%(95% CI:0.638,0.821),特异性分别为72.50%(0.95% CI:0.612,0.816)、81.25%(95% CI:0.706,0.888)、95.00%(95% CI:0.870,0.984),曲线下面积分别为0.779(95% CI:0.711,0.838)、0.784(95% CI:0.716,0.843)、0.891(95% CI:0.836,0.933)。
功能性消化不良(functional dyspepsia, FD)为临床常见的一种功能性胃肠疾病,严重时可危及患者生
选取2020年2月—2022年8月在武汉市第一医院就诊的96例老年FD患者作为FD组,另取同期本院健康体检老年人80例作为对照组。本研究经医院伦理委员会审批通过。研究对象均对本研究知情同意
①符合FD诊断标
①心、肝、肾等重要脏器功能不全;②腹部手术史;③认知障碍或精神疾病;④合并恶性肿瘤;⑤合并甲状腺功能亢进、糖尿病、高血压等疾病影响患者消化功能;⑦妊娠或哺乳期女性;⑧消化疡或消化道出血;⑨近3个月使用激素、非甾体类抗炎药;⑩合并神经系统疾病。
①为体检健康者;②年龄> 60岁;③既往无消化道疾病;④体检资料齐备;⑤本次体检经通过相应的检查方法(包括内镜检查、血液检查、影像学检查等)未发现消化系统或其他脏器的器质性病变。
收集可能影响FD发生的临床资料,包括性别、年龄、体质量指数(body mass index, BMI)、是否合并基础疾病(高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症)、合并脂肪肝、吸烟史、饮酒史、睡眠障碍(匹兹堡睡眠质量指数≥ 8
FD组与对照组性别构成、年龄、高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、吸烟史、饮酒史比较,差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)。FD组与对照组BMI、脂肪肝、睡眠障碍、焦虑、抑郁、饮食规律、每周运动时间≥ 4 h占比及IL-6、CCK、SS、MTL水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);FD组BMI、脂肪肝、睡眠障碍、焦虑、抑郁及IL-6、CCK及SS水平高于对照组,饮食规律、每周运动时间≥ 4 h占比及MTL水平低于对照组。见
组别 | n | 男/女/例 | 年龄/(岁,x±s) | BMI/(kg/ | 高血压例(%) | 糖尿病例(%) | 高脂血症 例(%) | 脂肪肝例(%) | 吸烟史例(%) | 饮酒史例(%) | 睡眠障碍 例(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FD组 | 96 | 58/38 | 72.15±5.42 | 23.25±2.76 | 17(17.71) | 22(22.92) | 13(13.54) | 20(20.83) | 42(43.75) | 48(50.00) | 33(34.38) |
对照组 | 80 | 43/37 | 70.83±5.76 | 22.47±2.19 | 8(10.00) | 11(13.75) | 7(8.75) | 7(8.75) | 30(37.50) | 36(45.00) | 12(15.00) |
| 0.793 | 1.564 | 2.047 | 2.128 | 2.407 | 0.995 | 4.906 | 0.705 | 0.437 | 8.607 | |
P 值 | 0.373 | 0.120 | 0.042 | 0.145 | 0.121 | 0.319 | 0.027 | 0.401 | 0.508 | 0.003 |
组别 | 焦虑例(%) | 抑郁例(%) | 饮食规律 例(%) | 每周运动时间 例(%) | IL-6/(pg/mL,x±s) | MTL/(pg/mL,x±s) | CCK/(pg/mL,x±s) | SS/(pg/mL,x±s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
≥ 4 h | < 4 h | ||||||||
FD组 | 27(28.13) | 21(21.88) | 63(65.63) | 24(25.00) | 72(75.00) | 81.02±7.23 | 396.74±76.28 | 53.26±12.73 | 54.67±13.09 |
对照组 | 10(12.50) | 8(10.00) | 70(87.50) | 32(40.00) | 48(60.00) | 78.46±6.89 | 428.13±81.26 | 48.92±11.48 | 49.85±12.16 |
| 6.416 | 4.471 | 11.310 | 4.526 | 2.389 | 2.639 | 2.354 | 2.512 | |
P 值 | 0.011 | 0.034 | 0.001 | 0.033 | 0.018 | 0.009 | 0.020 | 0.013 |
FD组与对照组血浆NPSR1、5-HT4水平比较,经t 检验,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);FD组血浆NPSR1水平低于对照组,5-HT4水平高于对照组。见
组别 | n | NPSR1 | 5-HT4 |
---|---|---|---|
FD组 | 96 | 172.34±15.81 | 1 805.32±314.27 |
对照组 | 80 | 215.46±18.72 | 1 241.75±284.32 |
t 值 | 16.568 | 12.366 | |
P 值 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
以老年FD发生情况为因变量(非FD=0,FD= 1),BMI、IL-6、MTL、CCK、SS、NPSR1、5-HT4水平(均赋为实测值)、脂肪肝(否= 0,是= 1)、睡眠障碍(否= 0,是= 1)、焦虑(否= 0,是= 1)、抑郁(否= 0,是= 1)、饮食规律(否= 0,是= 1)、每周运动时间(≥ 4 h= 0,< 4 h= 1)为自变量,进行多因素逐步Logistic回归分析(引入水准是0.05,剔除水准是0.10),结果显示:睡眠障碍[O^R=2.735(95% CI:1.299,5.756)]、NPSR1 [O^R=3.203(95% CI:1.461,7.023)]、5-HT4 [O^R=3.093(95% CI:1.410,6.781)]为老年FD发生的危险因素(P <0.05);饮食规律[O^R=0.361(95% CI:0.165,0.792)]为老年FD发生的保护因素(P <0.05)。见
自变量 | b | Sb | Wald | P 值 | O^R | 95% CI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
下限 | 上限 | ||||||
睡眠障碍 | 1.006 | 0.458 | 4.825 | 0.017 | 2.735 | 1.299 | 5.756 |
饮食规律 | -1.018 | 0.429 | 5.631 | 0.012 | 0.361 | 0.165 | 0.792 |
NPSR1 | 1.164 | 0.375 | 9.635 | 0.000 | 3.203 | 1.461 | 7.023 |
5-HT4 | 1.129 | 0.381 | 8.781 | 0.000 | 3.093 | 1.410 | 6.781 |
ROC曲线分析结果显示,血浆NPSR1、5-HT4及两者联合诊断老年FD的敏感性分别为78.13%(95% CI:0.683,0.857)、75.00%(95% CI:0.649,0.830)、73.96%(95% CI:0.638,0.821),特异性分别为72.50%(0.95% CI:0.612,0.816)、81.25%(95% CI:0.706,0.888)、95.00%(95% CI:0.870,0.984),曲线下面积(area under curve , AUC)分别为0.779(95% CI:0.711,0.838)、0.784(95% CI:0.716,0.843)、0.891(95% CI:0.836,0.933)。见
指标 | 最佳截断值 | 敏感性/% | 95% CI | 特异性/% | 95% CI | AUC | 95% CI | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
下限 | 上限 | 下限 | 上限 | 下限 | 上限 | |||||
NPSR1 | 190.43 pg/mL | 78.13 | 0.683 | 0.857 | 72.50 | 0.612 | 0.816 | 0.779 | 0.711 | 0.838 |
5-HT4 | 1 078.49 pg/mL | 75.00 | 0.649 | 0.830 | 81.25 | 0.706 | 0.888 | 0.784 | 0.716 | 0.843 |
联合 | 73.96 | 0.638 | 0.821 | 95.00 | 0.870 | 0.984 | 0.891 | 0.836 | 0.933 |

图1 血浆NPSR1、5-HT4及两者联合诊断老年FD的ROC曲线
FD可存在一种或多种消化不良症状,为临床常见的功能性胃肠综合征,其症状可持续亦可反复发作,严重影响患者的日常生
FD患者中睡眠障碍人数占比较高,分析原因可能为频繁失眠患者长期睡眠不足,可在一定程度上损伤机体器官,促使FD的发
综上所述,老年FD患者血浆NPSR1、5-HT4水平高于健康者,且血浆NPSR1、5-HT4两者联合诊断老年FD的效能较高。
参 考 文 献
WAUTERS L, TALLEY N J, WALKER M M, et al. Novel concepts in the pathophysiology and treatment of functional dyspepsia[J]. Gut, 2020, 69(3): 591-600. [百度学术]
吴晓燕, 秦侃, 王杨, 等. 酪酸梭菌活菌散联合多潘立酮治疗小儿功能性消化不良的疗效及相关作用机制[J]. 中国现代医学杂志, 2021, 31(14): 35-39. [百度学术]
SAYUK G S, GYAWALI C P. Functional dyspepsia: diagnostic and therapeutic approaches[J]. Drugs, 2020, 80(13): 1319-1336. [百度学术]
陈毓菁, 梁展鹏, 伍卓强, 等. 胃肠超声造影评估功能性消化不良患者胃排空的临床价值[J]. 临床超声医学杂志, 2020, 22(8): 600-604. [百度学术]
NI T G, GUO D, TAN L, et al. NPSR1-AS1 activates the MAPK pathway to facilitate thyroid cancer cell malignant behaviors via recruiting ELAVL1 to stabilize NPSR1 mRNA[J]. Cell Cycle, 2022, 21(5): 439-449. [百度学术]
CARBONE F, VANUYTSEL T, TACK J. The effect of prucalopride on gastric sensorimotor function and satiation in healthy volunteers[J]. Neurogastroenterol Motil, 2021, 33(8): e14083. [百度学术]
中国中国中西医结合学会消化系统疾病专业委员会. 功能性消化不良的中西医结合诊疗共识意见(2010)[J]. 中国中西医结合杂志, 2011, 31(11): 1545-1549. [百度学术]
FARAH N M, SAW YEE T, MOHD RASDI H F. Self-reported sleep quality using the malay version of the pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI-M) in malaysian adults[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2019, 16(23): 4750. [百度学术]
DUNSTAN D A, SCOTT N. Norms for Zung's self-rating anxiety scale[J]. BMC Psychiatry, 2020, 20(1): 90. [百度学术]
YUE T, LI Q T, WANG R S, et al. Comparison of hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and Zung self-rating anxiety/depression scale (SAS/SDS) in evaluating anxiety and depression in patients with psoriatic arthritis[J]. Dermatology, 2020, 236(2): 170-178. [百度学术]
PESCE M, CARGIOLLI M, CASSARANO S, et al. Diet and functional dyspepsia: clinical correlates and therapeutic perspectives[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2020, 26(5): 456-465. [百度学术]
邢相宜, 晏子俊, 段磊, 等. 六味能消胶囊联合复方消化酶对功能性消化不良患者临床症状及脑-肠轴相关因子水平的影响[J]. 现代生物医学进展, 2021, 21(9): 1702-1705. [百度学术]
LACY B E, CANGEMI D J. Updates in functional dyspepsia and bloating[J]. Curr Opin Gastroenterol, 2022, 38(6): 613-619. [百度学术]
WASEEM S, RUBIN L. A comprehensive review of functional dyspepsia in pediatrics[J]. Clin J Gastroenterol, 2022, 15(1): 30-40. [百度学术]
WAUTERS L, DICKMAN R, DRUG V, et al. United European Gastroenterology (UEG) and European Society for Neurogastroenterology and Motility (ESNM) consensus on functional dyspepsia[J]. United European Gastroenterol J, 2021, 9(3): 307-331. [百度学术]
OSHIMA T, SIAH K T H, YOSHIMOTO T, et al. Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome: a population-based survey[J]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2021, 36(7): 1820-1827. [百度学术]
WAUTERS L, SLAETS H, de PAEPE K, et al. Efficacy and safety of spore-forming probiotics in the treatment of functional dyspepsia: a pilot randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial[J]. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2021, 6(10): 784-792. [百度学术]
FANG C, ZHANG J N, WAN Y P, et al. Neuropeptide S (NPS) and its receptor (NPSR1) in chickens: cloning, tissue expression, and functional analysis[J]. Poult Sci, 2021, 100(12): 101445. [百度学术]
HE H B, CHEN T X, MO H Y, et al. Hypoxia-inducible long noncoding RNA NPSR1-AS1 promotes the proliferation and glycolysis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating the MAPK/ERK pathway[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2020, 533(4): 886-892. [百度学术]
PETER H L, GIGLBERGER M, FRANK J, et al. The association between genetic variability in the NPS/NPSR1 system and chronic stress responses: a gene-environment-(quasi-) experiment[J]. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2022, 144: 105883. [百度学术]
LIU Q Q, YAO X X, GAO S H, et al. Role of 5-HT receptors in neuropathic pain: potential therapeutic implications[J]. Pharmacol Res, 2020, 159: 104949. [百度学术]
HUA S R, GAO J Y, LI T, et al. The promoting effects of hsa_circ_0050102 in pancreatic cancer and the molecular mechanism by targeting miR-1182/NPSR1[J]. Carcinogenesis, 2021, 42(3): 471-480. [百度学术]
DASTJERDI S, VALIZADEH M, NEMATI R, et al. Highly expressed TLX1NB and NPSR1-AS1 lncRNAs could serve as diagnostic tools in colorectal cancer[J]. Hum Cell, 2021, 34(6): 1765-1774. [百度学术]
XIE Y P, ZHAO Y, ZHOU L Y, et al. Gene polymorphisms (rs324957, rs324981) in NPSR1 are associated with increased risk of primary insomnia: a cross-sectional study[J]. Medicine (Baltimore), 2020, 99(34): e21598. [百度学术]
LECOUFLET P, ROUX C M, POTIER B, et al. Interplay between 5-HT4 receptors and GABAergic system within CA1 hippocampal synaptic plasticity[J]. Cereb Cortex, 2021, 31(1): 694-701. [百度学术]
AHMADI-MAHMOODABADI N, EMAMGHOREISHI M, NASEHI M, et al. The bidirectional effect of prelimbic 5-hydroxytryptamine type-4 (5-HT4) receptors on ACPA-mediated aversive memory impairment in adult male sprague-dawley rats[J]. Iran J Basic Med Sci, 2021, 24(6): 726-733. [百度学术]