胰胆管合流异常的病理生理机制与临床诊疗策略研究进展

Research progress on pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for pancreaticobiliary maljunction

摘要:

胰胆管合流异常（PBM）是胰管与胆管在十二指肠壁外汇合形成过长共同通道的一种先天性解剖变异。该变异破坏了Oddi括约肌的正常功能，致使胰液与胆汁双向反流，继发多种肝胆胰疾病。PBM早期症状隐匿且缺乏特异性，但若未及时诊断和干预，不良预后风险将显著增高，严重威胁患儿生命健康。因此，该文系统综述PBM的病理生理机制、临床分型标准、诊断技术和治疗策略方面的研究进展，旨在为PBM的基础研究与临床规范化诊疗提供参考。

Abstract:

Pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) is a congenital anatomical anomaly in which the pancreatic duct and bile duct join outside the duodenal wall to form an abnormally long common channel. This anomaly disrupts the normal function of the sphincter of Oddi, leading to bidirectional reflux of pancreatic juice and bile and subsequently causing various hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases. The early symptoms of PBM are insidious and nonspecific; however, delayed diagnosis and intervention significantly increase the risk of poor outcomes and seriously threaten the lives and health of affected children. Therefore, this article systematically reviews advances in the pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical classification criteria, diagnostic techniques, and treatment strategies of PBM to provide a reference for basic research and standardized clinical diagnosis and treatment.