抗缺血性脑卒中的中药活性成分研究现状

Research progress on active ingredients from traditional Chinese medicine against ischemic stroke

摘要:

缺血性脑卒中（IS）是一种因脑部血管阻塞导致局部血液循环障碍的严重脑血管疾病，具有高发病率、高致残率和高死亡率的特点。当前临床治疗方法有限，重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂（rt-PA）虽为有效药物，但其治疗时间窗狭窄且伴随多种禁忌证。因此，迫切需要开发新型治疗药物。近年来，中药成分因其多靶点、低毒性及来源广泛等优势，在抗IS药物研发中展现出巨大潜力。该文系统综述了具有抗IS潜力的中药活性成分的研究现状，重点探讨其神经保护等作用机制，并分析了研发面临的挑战与未来发展方向，以期为相关新药研发提供理论参考。

Abstract:

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a severe cerebrovascular disease in which vascular occlusion disrupts local cerebral blood flow and is associated with high morbidity, disability, and mortality. Current clinical treatments are limited. Although recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is effective, it has a narrow therapeutic window and multiple contraindications. New therapeutic agents are therefore urgently needed. In recent years, active ingredients from traditional Chinese medicine have shown considerable potential for anti-IS drug development because of their multiple targets, low toxicity, and wide availability. This article systematically reviews current research on active ingredients from traditional Chinese medicine with potential activity against IS, focusing on mechanisms such as neuroprotection and discussing challenges and future directions in drug development, to provide a theoretical reference for the development of related new drugs.